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Fullerenes are soluble in many organic solvents, such as toluene, chlorobenzene, and 1,2,3-trichloropropane. Solubilities are generally rather low, such as 8 g/L for C 60 in carbon disulfide. Still, fullerenes are the only known allotrope of carbon that can be dissolved in common solvents at room temperature.
These electrons are free to move, so are able to conduct electricity. However, the electricity is only conducted along the plane of the layers. In diamond, all four outer electrons of each carbon atom are 'localized' between the atoms in covalent bonding. The movement of electrons is restricted and diamond does not conduct an electric current.
Fullerenes can react with halogens. The preferred pattern for addition C 60 is calculated to be 1,9- for small groups and 1,7- for bulky groups. C 60 F 60 is a possible structure. C 60 reacts with Cl 2 gas at 250 °C to a material with average composition C 60 Cl 24, although only C 60 can be detected by mass spectrometry. [14]
Crystallographic defects also affect the tube's electrical properties. A common result is lowered conductivity through the defective region of the tube. A defect in metallic armchair-type tubes (which can conduct electricity) can cause the surrounding region to become semiconducting, and single monatomic vacancies induce magnetic properties. [74]
Fullerenes are sparingly soluble in aromatic solvents and carbon disulfide, but insoluble in water. Solutions of pure C 60 have a deep purple color which leaves a brown residue upon evaporation. The reason for this color change is the relatively narrow energy width of the band of molecular levels responsible for green light absorption by ...
They can be grown by precipitation at an interface between two liquids. They are semiconductors and have potential uses in field-effect transistors, solar cells, chemical sensors, and photocatalysts. When doped with alkali metals, such as potassium, they become superconductors at 18 K (−255.2 °C; −427.3 °F). [2]
All CNBs can conduct electricity, regardless of whether the single-walled CNT is a metallic or semiconducting base. The band gap of carbon nanobuds is not constant. It can change through the size of the fullerene group. [7] The attachment of C 60 added to the armchair orientation of the SWCNT opens up the band gap. On the other hand, adding it ...
Fullerenes are typically spheroidal carbon compounds, the most prevalent being buckminsterfullerene, C 60. [2] One year after it was prepared in milligram quantities in 1990, [3] C 60 was shown to function as a ligand in the complex [Ph 3 P] 2 Pt(η 2-C 60). [4] Since this report, a variety of transition metals and binding modes were demonstrated.