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Fool's mate was named and described in The Royal Game of Chess-Play, a 1656 text by Francis Beale that adapted the work of the early chess writer Gioachino Greco. [2]Prior to the mid-19th century, there was not a prevailing convention as to whether White or Black moved first; according to Beale, the matter was to be decided in some prior contest or decision of the players' choice. [3]
In chess, scholar's mate is the checkmate achieved by the following moves, or similar: . 1. e4 e5 2. Qh5 Nc6 3. Bc4 Nf6?? 4. Qxf7 #. The same mating pattern may be reached by various move orders.
A checkmate may occur in as few as two moves on one side with all of the pieces still on the board (as in fool's mate, in the opening phase of the game), in a middlegame position (as in the 1956 game called the Game of the Century between Donald Byrne and Bobby Fischer), [3] or after many moves with as few as three pieces in an endgame position.
Staunton style chess pieces. Left to right: king, rook, queen, pawn, knight, bishop. The rules of chess (also known as the laws of chess) govern the play of the game of chess. Chess is a two-player abstract strategy board game. Each player controls sixteen pieces of six types on a chessboard. Each type of piece moves in a distinct way.
The checkmate is named after Richard Réti, who delivered it in an 11-move game [24] against Savielly Tartakower in 1910 in Vienna. It works by trapping the enemy king with four of its own pieces that are situated on flight squares and then attacking it with a bishop that is protected by a rook or queen.
The chess machine is an ideal one to start with, since: (1) the problem is sharply defined both in allowed operations (the moves) and in the ultimate goal (checkmate); (2) it is neither so simple as to be trivial nor too difficult for satisfactory solution; (3) chess is generally considered to require "thinking" for skillful play; a solution of ...
A move of the king could expose the opposing king to a discovered check (and, rarely, checkmate) by another piece, however. In fast chess , depending on the rules in effect, placing or leaving one's king in check may result in immediate loss of the game.
The number can correspond to the approximate value of pieces, although engines use other factors besides material. The notation +2.50 indicates that White is ahead by two and one-half pawns. The notation +M4 (or sometimes #4) indicates that White can force checkmate in four moves. [152] [153] [154] Cf. analysis. exchange To swap or trade pieces ...