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Modeling photon propagation with Monte Carlo methods is a flexible yet rigorous approach to simulate photon transport. In the method, local rules of photon transport are expressed as probability distributions which describe the step size of photon movement between sites of photon-matter interaction and the angles of deflection in a photon's trajectory when a scattering event occurs.
Micropropagation has a number of advantages over traditional plant propagation techniques: The main advantage of micropropagation is the production of many plants that are clones of each other. Micropropagation can be used to produce disease-free plants.
Any extra bud that starts growing from the stem of the stock plant is removed. Examples: roses and fruit trees like peaches. Budwood is a stick with several buds on it that can be cut out and used for bud grafting. It is a common method of propagation for citrus trees. [9] [10] [11]
In radio propagation, it is represented in non-line-of-sight propagation. For example, see computation of radio wave attenuation in the atmosphere used in satellite link design. In meteorology and climatology , global and local temperatures depend in part on the absorption of radiation by atmospheric gases (such as in the greenhouse effect ...
A chain reaction is an example of a complex mechanism, in which the propagation steps form a closed cycle. In a chain reaction, the intermediate produced in one step generates an intermediate in another step. Intermediates are called chain carriers. Sometimes, the chain carriers are radicals, they can be ions as well.
In organometallic chemistry, a migratory insertion is a type of reaction wherein two ligands on a metal complex combine. It is a subset of reactions that very closely resembles the insertion reactions, and both are differentiated by the mechanism that leads to the resulting stereochemistry of the products.
"This is an example of President Trump creating an open dialogue with leaders of countries that are not just our allies but our Trump invites China's Xi to inauguration, experts call it political ...
In chemistry, chain propagation (sometimes just referred to as propagation) is a process in which a reactive intermediate is continuously regenerated during the course of a chemical chain reaction. For example, in the chlorination of methane , there is a two-step propagation cycle involving as chain carriers a chlorine atom and a methyl radical ...