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  2. Capital asset pricing model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_asset_pricing_model

    An estimation of the CAPM and the security market line (purple) for the Dow Jones Industrial Average over 3 years for monthly data.. In finance, the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) is a model used to determine a theoretically appropriate required rate of return of an asset, to make decisions about adding assets to a well-diversified portfolio.

  3. Risk premium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risk_premium

    One of the most important applications of risk premiums is to estimate the value of financial assets. There are a number of models used in finance to determine this with the most widely used being the Capital Asset Pricing Model or CAPM. [12] CAPM uses investment risk and expected return to estimate a value for the investment.

  4. Security market line - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security_market_line

    E(R M) is an expected return on market portfolio M β is a nondiversifiable or systematic risk R M is a market rate of return R f is a risk-free rate. When used in portfolio management, the SML represents the investment's opportunity cost (investing in a combination of the market portfolio and the risk-free asset). All the correctly priced ...

  5. Roll's critique - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roll's_critique

    The CAPM is tautological if the market is assumed to be mean-variance efficient. [2] 2. The market portfolio is unobservable: The market portfolio in practice would necessarily include every single possible available asset, including real estate, precious metals, stamp collections, jewelry, and anything with any worth. The returns on all ...

  6. Asset pricing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asset_pricing

    [10] [11] The CAPM, for example, can be derived by linking risk aversion to overall market return, and restating for price. [9] Black-Scholes can be derived by attaching a binomial probability to each of numerous possible spot-prices (i.e. states) and then rearranging for the terms in its formula.

  7. Jensen's alpha - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jensen's_alpha

    The security could be any asset, such as stocks, bonds, or derivatives. The theoretical return is predicted by a market model, most commonly the capital asset pricing model (CAPM). The market model uses statistical methods to predict the appropriate risk-adjusted return of an asset. The CAPM for instance uses beta as a multiplier.

  8. Low-volatility anomaly - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-volatility_anomaly

    This is an example of a stock market anomaly since it contradicts the central prediction of many financial theories that higher returns can only be achieved by taking more risk. The capital asset pricing model (CAPM) predicts a positive and linear relation between the systematic risk exposure of a security (its beta) and its expected future return.

  9. Fama–MacBeth regression - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fama–MacBeth_regression

    The Fama–MacBeth regression is a method used to estimate parameters for asset pricing models such as the capital asset pricing model (CAPM). The method estimates the betas and risk premia for any risk factors that are expected to determine asset prices.