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Simeticone is a non-systemic surfactant which decreases the surface tension of gas bubbles in the GI tract. [11] This allows gas bubbles to leave the GI tract as flatulence or belching. [11] Simeticone does not reduce or prevent the formation of gas. [13] Its effectiveness has been shown in several in vitro studies. [14] [15]
Triton X-100 (C 14 H 22 O(C 2 H 4 O) n) is a nonionic surfactant that has a hydrophilic polyethylene oxide chain (on average it has 9.5 ethylene oxide units) and an aromatic hydrocarbon lipophilic or hydrophobic group.
Surfactant molecules have either one tail or two; those with two tails are said to be double-chained. [4] Surfactant classification according to the composition of their head: non-ionic, anionic, cationic, amphoteric. Most commonly, surfactants are classified according to polar head group. A non-ionic surfactant has no charged groups in its ...
Biodegradable and plant-derived from sugars, these surfactants are usually derivatives of glucose and fatty alcohols. [1] The raw materials are typically starch and fat , and the final products are typically complex mixtures of compounds with different sugars comprising the hydrophilic end and alkyl groups of variable length comprising the ...
HLB scale showing classification of surfactant function. The hydrophilic–lipophilic balance (HLB) of a surfactant is a measure of its degree of hydrophilicity or lipophilicity, determined by calculating percentages of molecular weights for the hydrophilic and lipophilic portions of the surfactant molecule, as described by Griffin in 1949 [1] [2] and 1954. [3]
This means that the surfactant adsorbs at low surfactant concentrations with its head-group contacting the surface. Depending on the type of head-group and surface, the attraction will have a short-range contribution for both non-ionic and ionic surfactants. Ionic surfactants will also experience a generic electrostatic interaction.
Detergents. A detergent is a surfactant or a mixture of surfactants with cleansing properties when in dilute solutions. [1] There are a large variety of detergents, a common family being the alkylbenzene sulfonates, which are soap-like compounds that are more soluble in hard water, because the polar sulfonate (of detergents) is less likely than the polar carboxylate (of soap) to bind to ...
In polymer chemistry, emulsion polymerization is a type of radical polymerization that usually starts with an emulsion incorporating water, monomers, and surfactants.The most common type of emulsion polymerization is an oil-in-water emulsion, in which droplets of monomer (the oil) are emulsified (with surfactants) in a continuous phase of water.