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Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) or scatter factor (SF) is a paracrine cellular growth, motility and morphogenic factor. It is secreted by mesenchymal cells and targets and acts primarily upon epithelial cells and endothelial cells , but also acts on haemopoietic progenitor cells and T cells .
Hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGF receptor) [5] [6] is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MET gene.The protein possesses tyrosine kinase activity. [7] The primary single chain precursor protein is post-translationally cleaved to produce the alpha and beta subunits, which are disulfide linked to form the mature receptor.
Hepatocyte growth factor activator is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HGFAC gene. [5] [6] [7]The protein encoded by this gene, belongs to peptidase family S1. It is first synthesized as an inactive single-chain precursor before being activated to a heterodimeric form by endoproteolytic processing.
A growth factor is a naturally occurring substance capable of stimulating cell proliferation, wound healing, and occasionally cellular differentiation. [1] Usually it is a secreted protein or a steroid hormone .
The typical hepatocyte is cubical with sides of 20-30 μm, (in comparison, a human hair has a diameter of 17 to 180 μm). [1] The typical volume of a hepatocyte is 3.4 x 10 −9 cm 3 . [ 2 ] Smooth endoplasmic reticulum is abundant in hepatocytes, in contrast to most other cell types.
Insulin-like growth factor 1, a polypeptide protein hormone which plays an important role in childhood growth and continues to have anabolic effects in adults Thrombopoietin , a glycoprotein hormone that regulates the production of platelets by the bone marrow
In histology (microscopic anatomy), the lobules of liver, or hepatic lobules, are small divisions of the liver defined at the microscopic scale. The hepatic lobule is a building block of the liver tissue, consisting of portal triads, hepatocytes arranged in linear cords between a capillary network, and a central vein.
Macrophage-stimulating protein (MSP), also known as hepatocyte growth factor-like protein (HLP, HGFL, or HGFLP), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MST1 (macrophage-stimulating 1) gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ]