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Expressive language disorder is one of the "specific developmental disorders of speech and language" recognized by the tenth edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10). As of the eleventh edition (ICD-11, current 1 January 2022), it is considered to be covered by the various categories of developmental language disorder ...
ICD-10 [10] DSM-IV-TR [11] ICD-11 [12] Specific developmental disorders of speech and language (F80): Specific speech articulation disorder (F80.0) Expressive language disorder (F80.1) Receptive language disorder (F80.2) Acquired aphasia with epilepsy Landau–Kleffner syndrome (F80.3) Other developmental disorders of speech and language (F80.8)
Stuttering – a speech disorder characterized by a break in fluency, where sounds, syllables, or words may be repeated or prolonged. [10] Phonological disorder – a speech sound disorder characterized by problems in making patterns of sound errors (e.g., "dat" for "that").
Speech disorders affect roughly 11.5% of the US population, and 5% of the primary school population. [5] Speech is a complex process that requires precise timing, nerve and muscle control, and as a result is susceptible to impairments. A person who has a stroke, an accident or birth defect may have speech and language problems. [6]
[10] [11] Children with mixed receptive-expressive language disorder are often likely to have long-term implications for language development, literacy, behavior, social development, and even mental health problems. [6] If suspected of having a mixed receptive-expressive language disorder, treatment is available from a speech therapist or ...
The DSM-5 and the ICD-10 are both used to make specific diagnostic decisions. Speech and language disorders commonly include communication issues, but also extend into various areas such as oral-motor function—sucking, swallowing, drinking, or eating. In some cases, a child's communication is delayed considerably behind his/her same-aged peers.
Therefore, speech may be choppy but differs from stuttering. The voice of an individual with adductor spasmodic dysphonia is commonly described as strained or strangled and full of effort. Surprisingly, the spasms are usually absent while laughing, speaking at a high pitch, or speaking while singing, but singers can experience a loss of range ...
OMD refers to the abnormal resting posture of the orofacial musculature, atypical chewing, and swallowing patterns, dental malocclusions, blocked nasal airways, and speech problems. [2] OMD are patterns involving oral and/or orofacial musculature that interferes with normal growth, development, or function of structures, or calls attention to ...