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By summer 1811, French commanders had deployed 70,000 troops solely to keep lines open between Madrid and the border with France, [18] figure which, by 1812, had grown to 200,000 troops, of a total of 350,000 French soldiers in Iberia, simply protecting lines of supply rather than serving as front-line troops. [23]
The French "Levée en masse" method of conscription brought around 2,300,000 French men into the Army between the period of 1804 and 1813. [4] To give an estimate of how much of the population this was, modern estimates range from 7 to 8% of the population of France proper, while the First World War used around 20 to 21%.
The "Hundred Thousand Sons of Saint Louis" was the popular name for a French army mobilized in 1823 by the Bourbon King of France, Louis XVIII, to help the Spanish Bourbon royalists restore King Ferdinand VII of Spain to the absolute power of which he had been deprived during the Liberal Triennium. Despite the name, the actual number of troops ...
Guard Grenadiers (French) Guard Skirmishers (French) Guard Fusiliers (Spanish) Cavalry (425 total) Guard Lancers (French) Guard Hussars (Spanish) Troops of the Line (Spanish) Gen Casapalacios (2,833 total) Infantry (2,070 total) 1st Line Regiment "Toledo" 1st Light Regiment "Castile" Royal Foreign Regiment; Cavalry
On 17 August 1808, Emperor Napoleon of France sent a peremptory demand to his brother, King Louis of Holland, to furnish a brigade for service in the campaign in Spain. The brigade was to include a cavalry regiment of 600 horses, a company of artillery with three guns and three howitzers, three battalions of infantry with a total of 2,200 men ...
Thereafter, the Grande Armée was the principal military force deployed in the campaigns of 1806/7, the French invasion of Spain, and in the War of the Fifth Coalition, where the French army slowly lost a large portion of its veteran soldiers, strength and prestige, and in the conflicts of 1812, 1813–14, and 1815.
It started when French and Spanish armies, then allied, occupied Portugal in 1807, and escalated in 1808 when France turned on Spain, its former ally. The war on the peninsula lasted until the Sixth Coalition defeated Napoleon in 1814, and is regarded as one of the first wars of national liberation , and significant for the emergence of large ...
Siborne, William (1844), History of the War in France and Belgium, in 1815 (2nd ed.), London: T. & W. Boone: Volume 1 and Volume 2 (4th and 5th editions published as The Waterloo campaign, 1815). This edition shows "Appendix" in uncut version; (1848): 3rd edition published in one book.