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  2. Enkrateia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enkrateia

    Xenophon was one of the first to write about enkrateia.. In Ancient Greek philosophy, Enkrateia (Greek ἐνκράτεια, "in power - from ἐν (en, “in”) + κράτος (krátos, “power”) is a state of power over something, usually a state of self-control and self-mastery where one holds power over one's own passions and instincts.

  3. Akrasia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akrasia

    Akrasia (/ ə ˈ k r eɪ z i ə /; Greek ἀκρασία, "lacking command" or "weakness", occasionally transliterated as acrasia or Anglicised as acrasy or acracy) is a lack of mental strength or willpower, or the tendency to act against one's better judgment. [1]

  4. Rational egoism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rational_egoism

    Rational egoism (also called rational selfishness) is the principle that an action is rational if and only if it maximizes one's self-interest. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] As such, it is considered a normative form of egoism , [ 3 ] though historically has been associated with both positive and normative forms. [ 4 ]

  5. Altruism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altruism

    A related concept in descriptive ethics is psychological egoism, the thesis that humans always act in their own self-interest and that true altruism is impossible. Rational egoism is the view that rationality consists in acting in one's self-interest (without specifying how this affects one's moral obligations).

  6. Self-control - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-control

    Self-control is an aspect of inhibitory control, one of the core executive functions. [1] [2] Executive functions are cognitive processes that are necessary for ...

  7. Contronym - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contronym

    Overlook can mean "to make an accidental omission or error" or "to engage in close scrutiny or control". [14] Oversight can mean "accidental omission or error" or "close scrutiny or control". [15] Peruse can mean to "consider with attention and in detail" or "look over or through in a casual or cursory manner". [16] [17]

  8. Oxymoron - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxymoron

    An oxymoron (plurals: oxymorons and oxymora) is a figure of speech that juxtaposes concepts with opposite meanings within a word or in a phrase that is a self-contradiction. As a rhetorical device, an oxymoron illustrates a point to communicate and reveal a paradox.

  9. Self-regulation theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-regulation_theory

    According to Schunk (2012), Lev Vygotsky who was a Russian psychologist and was a major influence on the rise of constructivism, believed that self-regulation involves the coordination of cognitive processes such as planning, synthesizing and formulating concepts (Henderson & Cunningham, 1994); however, such coordination does not proceed independently of the individual's social environment and ...