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A carcinogen (/ k ɑːr ˈ s ɪ n ə dʒ ən /) is any agent that promotes the development of cancer. [1] Carcinogens can include synthetic chemicals , naturally occurring substances, physical agents such as ionizing and non-ionizing radiation , and biologic agents such as viruses and bacteria . [ 2 ]
The central role of DNA damage and epigenetic defects in DNA repair genes in carcinogenesis. DNA damage is considered to be the primary cause of cancer. [17] More than 60,000 new naturally-occurring instances of DNA damage arise, on average, per human cell, per day, due to endogenous cellular processes (see article DNA damage (naturally occurring)).
IARC group 1 Carcinogens are substances, chemical mixtures, and exposure circumstances which have been classified as carcinogenic to humans by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). [1] This category is used when there is sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in humans.
At the same time, red meat, including beef, is categorized by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as a Group 2A carcinogen, meaning it "probably" causes cancer to humans - though it's ...
Helicobacter pylori are class 1 carcinogenic bacteria, and potential cancers include gastric MALT lymphoma and gastric cancer. [10] [11] Infection with H. pylori is responsible for an estimated 89% of all gastric cancers and is linked to the development of 5.5% of all cases cancers worldwide. [13] [14] H. pylori is the only bacterium known to ...
Usually, physical carcinogens must get inside the body (such as through inhalation) and require years of exposure to produce cancer. [86] Physical trauma resulting in cancer is relatively rare. [87] Claims that breaking bones resulted in bone cancer, for example, have not been proven. [87]
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New tests done by the Environmental Working Group have found 21 oat-based cereals and snack bars popular amongst children to have "troubling levels of glyphosate." The chemical, which is the ...