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The epiphyseal plate, epiphysial plate, physis, or growth plate is a hyaline cartilage plate in the metaphysis at each end of a long bone.It is the part of a long bone where new bone growth takes place; that is, the whole bone is alive, with maintenance remodeling throughout its existing bone tissue, but the growth plate is the place where the long bone grows longer (adds length).
Hyaline cartilage is located in the trachea, nose, epiphyseal plate, sternum, and ribs. [2] Hyaline cartilage is covered externally by a fibrous membrane known as the perichondrium. [2] The primary cells of cartilage are chondrocytes, which are in a matrix of fibrous tissue, proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans.
Epiphyseal growth plate: This transverse layer lies between the epiphysis and diaphysis. It’s composed of highly active chondrocytes and responsible for longitudinal bone growth. Consequently, the bone elongates at this growth plate until closure occurs at skeletal maturity.
The epiphyseal arteries and osteogenic cells invade the epiphysis, depositing osteoclasts and osteoblasts which erode the cartilage and build bone, respectively. This occurs at both ends of long bones but only one end of digits and ribs. Microscopic image of the growth plate
It contains the growth plate, the part of the bone that grows during childhood, and as it grows it ossifies near the diaphysis and the epiphyses. The metaphysis contains a diverse population of cells including mesenchymal stem cells , which give rise to bone and fat cells, as well as hematopoietic stem cells which give rise to a variety of ...
Pressure epiphyses assist in transmitting the weight of the human body and are the regions of the bone that are under pressure during movement or locomotion. Another example of a pressure epiphysis is the head of the humerus which is part of the shoulder complex. Condyles of femur and tibia also come under the pressure epiphysis.
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A latent cyst is located away from the epiphyseal plate and is more likely to heal with treatment. [4] It is typically diagnosed in under 20 year olds. [1] Although unicameral bone cysts can form in any bone structure, it is predominantly found in the proximal humerus and proximal femur; additionally, it affects males twice as often as females ...