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  2. Gluconeogenesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gluconeogenesis

    Gluconeogenesis (GNG) is a metabolic pathway that results in the biosynthesis of glucose from certain non-carbohydrate carbon substrates. It is a ubiquitous process, present in plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, and other microorganisms. [1] In vertebrates, gluconeogenesis occurs mainly in the liver and, to a lesser extent, in the cortex of the ...

  3. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphoenolpyruvate...

    PEPCK-C catalyzes an irreversible step of gluconeogenesis, the process whereby glucose is synthesized.The enzyme has therefore been thought to be essential in glucose homeostasis, as evidenced by laboratory mice that contracted diabetes mellitus type 2 as a result of the overexpression of PEPCK-C. [14]

  4. Glyceroneogenesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glyceroneogenesis

    The gluconeogenesis pathway Dihydroxyacetone phosphate to glycerol 3-phosphate. The main precursors of glyceroneogenesis are pyruvate, lactate, glutamine, and alanine. Glyceroneogenesis is also known as the branched pathway of gluconeogenesis because its first few steps are the same.

  5. Carbohydrate metabolism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbohydrate_metabolism

    Gluconeogenesis (GNG) is a metabolic pathway that results in the generation of glucose from certain non-carbohydrate carbon substrates. It is a ubiquitous process, present in plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, and other microorganisms. [6] In vertebrates, gluconeogenesis occurs mainly in the liver and, to a lesser extent, in the cortex of the ...

  6. Glucogenic amino acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucogenic_amino_acid

    Alanine is a glucogenic amino acid that the liver's gluconeogenesis process can use to produce glucose. Muscle cells break down their protein when their blood glucose levels fall, which happens during fasting or periods of intense exercise. The breakdown process releases alanine, which is then transferred to the liver.

  7. Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fructose_2,6-bisphosphate

    Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate, abbreviated Fru-2,6-P 2, is a metabolite that allosterically affects the activity of the enzymes phosphofructokinase 1 (PFK-1) and fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase-1) to regulate glycolysis and gluconeogenesis.

  8. Inborn errors of carbohydrate metabolism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inborn_errors_of...

    The liver can also create glucose (gluconeogenesis, see below); during times of low carbohydrate supply from the digestive system, the liver creates glucose and supplies it to other organs. [4] Most enzymes of glycolysis also participate in gluconeogenesis, as it is mostly the reverse metabolic pathway of glycolysis; a deficiency of these liver ...

  9. Glyoxylate cycle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glyoxylate_cycle

    Both malate and oxaloacetate can be converted into phosphoenolpyruvate, which is the product of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, the first enzyme in gluconeogenesis. The net result of the glyoxylate cycle is therefore the production of glucose from fatty acids.