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  2. Contronym - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contronym

    Hindi: कल and Urdu: کل (kal) may mean either "yesterday" or "tomorrow" (disambiguated by the verb in the sentence).; Icelandic: fram eftir can mean "toward the sea" or "away from the sea" depending on dialect.

  3. Converse (semantics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Converse_(semantics)

    In linguistics, converses or relational antonyms are pairs of words that refer to a relationship from opposite points of view, such as parent/child or borrow/lend. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The relationship between such words is called a converse relation . [ 2 ]

  4. Thesaurus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thesaurus

    A thesaurus (pl.: thesauri or thesauruses), sometimes called a synonym dictionary or dictionary of synonyms, is a reference work which arranges words by their meanings (or in simpler terms, a book where one can find different words with similar meanings to other words), [1] [2] sometimes as a hierarchy of broader and narrower terms, sometimes simply as lists of synonyms and antonyms.

  5. Binary opposition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_opposition

    Binary opposition is an important concept of structuralism, which sees such distinctions as fundamental to all language and thought. [2] In structuralism, a binary opposition is seen as a fundamental organizer of human philosophy, culture, and language. Binary opposition originated in Saussurean structuralist theory. [3]

  6. Semantics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantics

    Semantics studies meaning in language, which is limited to the meaning of linguistic expressions. It concerns how signs are interpreted and what information they contain. An example is the meaning of words provided in dictionary definitions by giving synonymous expressions or paraphrases, like defining the meaning of the term ram as adult male sheep. [22]

  7. Dystopia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dystopia

    Life in Kowloon Walled City has often inspired the dystopian identity in modern media works. [1]A dystopia (from Ancient Greek δυσ (dus) 'bad' and τόπος (tópos) 'place'), also called a cacotopia [2] or anti-utopia, is a community or society that is extremely bad or frightening.

  8. Glossary of philosophy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_philosophy

    The philosophy of defining a concept as the operations that will measure the concept (variables) through specific observations. optimism Historically, the philosophical position that this is the best of all possible worlds, usually associated with Gottfried Leibniz. Colloquially, the term is often used to refer to a cheerful or positive worldview.

  9. Concept - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concept

    Concepts play an important role in all aspects of cognition. [2] [3] As such, concepts are studied within such disciplines as linguistics, psychology, and philosophy, and these disciplines are interested in the logical and psychological structure of concepts, and how they are put together to form thoughts and sentences. The study of concepts ...