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This table denotes, if a cryptography library provides the technical requisites for FIPS 140, and the status of their FIPS 140 certification (according to NIST's CMVP search, [27] modules in process list [28] and implementation under test list).
Several versions of the TLS protocol exist. SSL 2.0 is a deprecated [27] protocol version with significant weaknesses. SSL 3.0 (1996) and TLS 1.0 (1999) are successors with two weaknesses in CBC-padding that were explained in 2001 by Serge Vaudenay. [28]
An attack called POODLE [19] (late 2014) combines both a downgrade attack (to SSL 3.0) with a padding oracle attack on the older, insecure protocol to enable compromise of the transmitted data. In May 2016 it has been revealed in CVE-2016-2107 that the fix against Lucky Thirteen in OpenSSL introduced another timing-based padding oracle. [20] [21]
OpenSSL is a software library for applications that provide secure communications over computer networks against eavesdropping, and identify the party at the other end. It is widely used by Internet servers, including the majority of HTTPS websites. OpenSSL contains an open-source implementation of the SSL and TLS protocols.
OpenSSL was available at the time, and was dual licensed under the OpenSSL License and the SSLeay license. [7] yaSSL, alternatively, was developed and dual-licensed under both a commercial license and the GPL. [8] yaSSL offered a more modern API, commercial style developer support and was complete with an OpenSSL compatibility layer. [4]
Stunnel relies on the OpenSSL library to implement the underlying TLS or SSL protocol. Stunnel uses public-key cryptography with X.509 digital certificates to secure the SSL connection, and clients can optionally be authenticated via a certificate. [6] If linked against libwrap, it can be configured to act as a proxy–firewall service as well.
Current list of FIPS 140 validated cryptographic modules with validated AES implementations (hosted by NIST) – Most of these involve a commercial implementation of AES algorithms. Look for "FIPS-approved algorithms" entry in the "Level / Description" column followed by "AES" and then a specific certificate number.
An example of a STRIPTLS attack of the type used in Thai mass surveillance technology: [10] 220 smtp.gmail.com ESMTP mail.redacted.com - gsmtp ehlo a 250-smtp.gmail.com at your service, [REDACTED SERVICE] 250-SIZE 35882577 250-8BITMIME # The STARTTLS command is stripped here 250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES 250-PIPELINING 250 SMTPUTF8