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Javanese is the twenty-second largest language by native speakers and the seventh largest language without official status at the national level. It is spoken or understood by approximately 100 million people. At least 45% of the total population of Indonesia are of Javanese descent or live in an area where Javanese is the dominant language.
Their native language is Javanese, it is the largest of the Austronesian languages in number of native speakers and also the largest regional language in Southeast Asia. [21] As the largest ethnic group in the region, the Javanese have historically dominated the social, political, and cultural landscape of both Indonesia and Southeast Asia. [22]
Javanese is a member of the Austronesian family of languages and is closely related to, but distinct from, other languages of Indonesia. [18] It is notable for its great number of nearly ubiquitous Sanskrit loans, found especially in literary Javanese. [ 19 ]
Javanese is the most spoken indigenous language, with native speakers constituting 31.8% of the total population of Indonesia (as of 2010). [17] Javanese speakers are predominantly located in the central to eastern parts of Java, and there are also sizable numbers in most provinces.
Some Javanese, especially those from older generations, have a single name; for example, Sukarno, Suharto, and Boediono. Some names are derived from native Javanese language, while some others are derived from Sanskrit. Names with the prefix Su-, which means good, are very popular.
When studies of Javanese language and literature began to attract European attention in the 19th century, an initiative to create a Javanese movable type began to take place in order to mass-produce and quickly disseminate Javanese literary materials. One of the earliest attempts to create a movable Javanese type was by Paul van Vlissingen.
Native Indonesians, also known as Pribumi (lit. ' first on the soil ' ) or Bumiputra ( lit. ' son on the soil ' ), are Indonesians whose ancestral roots lie mainly in the archipelago and consist of various ethnic groups , predominantly of Austronesian and Melanesian descent.
Another is "lahar" which is Javanese for a volcanic mudflow. Still other words taken into modern English from Malay/Indonesian probably have other origins (e.g., "satay" from Tamil, or "ketchup" from Chinese). During development, various native terms (mostly Javanese) from all over the archipelago made their way into the language.