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Cyanobacteria is the only prokaryotic group that performs oxygenic photosynthesis. Anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria use PSI- and PSII-like photosystems, which are pigment protein complexes for capturing light. [5] Both of these photosystems use bacteriochlorophyll. There are multiple hypotheses for how oxygenic photosynthesis evolved.
In general, photosynthesis in cyanobacteria uses water as an electron donor and produces oxygen as a byproduct, though some may also use hydrogen sulfide [79] a process which occurs among other photosynthetic bacteria such as the purple sulfur bacteria. Carbon dioxide is reduced to form carbohydrates via the Calvin cycle. [80]
Purple bacteria or purple photosynthetic bacteria are Gram-negative proteobacteria that are phototrophic, capable of producing their own food via photosynthesis. [1] They are pigmented with bacteriochlorophyll a or b , together with various carotenoids , which give them colours ranging between purple, red, brown, and orange.
Photosynthesis is the main means by which plants, algae and many bacteria produce organic compounds and oxygen from carbon dioxide and water (green arrow). An autotroph is an organism that can convert abiotic sources of energy into energy stored in organic compounds, which can be used by other organisms.
Oxygenic photosynthesis can be performed by plants and cyanobacteria; cyanobacteria are believed to be the progenitors of the photosystem-containing chloroplasts of eukaryotes. Photosynthetic bacteria that cannot produce oxygen have only one photosystem, which is similar to either PSI or PSII.
The purple sulfur bacteria (PSB) are part of a group of Pseudomonadota capable of photosynthesis, collectively referred to as purple bacteria. They are anaerobic or microaerophilic , and are often found in stratified water environments including hot springs , stagnant water bodies, as well as microbial mats in intertidal zones.
This class consists of photosynthetic bacteria found in fresh and salt water, containing chlorophyll a and phycobilins. Order – Nostocales This order includes cyanobacteria of filamentous forms, either simple or branched, both of which occur as single strands or multiple strands within a sheath. Family – Nostocaceae
Bacteria such as the photosynthetic cyanobacteria, ... there are a little less than 9,300 known species of prokaryotes, which includes bacteria and archaea; ...