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Animism is used in anthropology of religion as a term for the belief system of many Indigenous peoples [8] in contrast to the relatively more recent development of organized religions. [9] Animism is a metaphysical belief which focuses on the supernatural universe: specifically, on the concept of the immaterial soul. [10]
Animism is the worldview that non-human entities (animals, plants, and inanimate objects or phenomena) possess a spiritual essence. The main article for this category is Animism . Subcategories
Wooden images of ancestral spirits in a museum in Bontoc, PhilippinesIndigenous Philippine folk religions, which older references classified as animist in orientation, were the primary form of religious belief practiced in the prehistoric and early historic Philippines before the arrival of foreign influences.
According to Clemmont E. Vontress, the various religious traditions of Africa are united by a basic Animism. According to him, the belief in spirits and ancestors is the most important element of African religions. Gods were either self-created or evolved from spirits or ancestors which got worshiped by the people.
Pre-colonial Filipinos were animistic.They believed that everything has a spirit, from rocks and trees to animals and humans to natural phenomena. [2] [6] [7] These spirits are collectively known as anito, derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qanitu and Proto-Austronesian *qaNiCu ("spirit of the dead").
The Agusan image statue (900–950 CE) discovered in 1917 on the banks of the Wawa River near Esperanza, Agusan del Sur, Mindanao in the Philippines.Although having Hindu and Buddhist elements, locals worship it instead as a vessel for the animist gods.
Animatism is a belief that inanimate, miraculous qualities exists in the natural world. It also talks about the belief that everything is infused with a life force giving each lifeless object personality or perception, but not a soul as in animism. It is a widespread belief among small-scale societies.
Nature worship is often considered the primitive source of modern religious beliefs [4] [5] and can be found in animism, pantheism, panentheism, polytheism, deism, totemism, shamanism, Taoism, [6] Hinduism, some theism and paganism including Wicca. [7]