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Virtualization began in the 1960s with IBM CP/CMS. [1] The control program CP provided each user with a simulated stand-alone System/360 computer. In hardware virtualization, the host machine is the machine that is used by the virtualization and the guest machine is the virtual machine.
Application virtualization is a software technology that encapsulates computer programs from the underlying operating system on which they are executed. A fully virtualized application is not installed in the traditional sense, [ 1 ] although it is still executed as if it were.
Hardware virtualization is the virtualization of computers as complete hardware platforms, certain logical abstractions of their componentry, or only the functionality required to run various operating systems. Virtualization emulates the hardware environment of its host architecture, allowing multiple OSes to run unmodified and in isolation.
In software engineering, containerization is operating-system–level virtualization or application-level virtualization over multiple network resources so that software applications can run in isolated user spaces called containers in any cloud or non-cloud environment, regardless of type or vendor. [1]
In other words, nested virtualization refers to running one or more hypervisors inside another hypervisor. The nature of a nested guest virtual machine does not need to be homogeneous with its host virtual machine; for example, application virtualization can be deployed within a virtual machine created by using hardware virtualization. [22]
Network virtualization involves platform virtualization, often combined with resource virtualization. Network virtualization is categorized as either external virtualization , combining many networks or parts of networks into a virtual unit, or internal virtualization , providing network-like functionality to software containers on a single ...
Network functions virtualization management and orchestration architectural framework (NFV-MANO Architectural Framework) is the collection of all functional blocks, data repositories used by these blocks, and reference points and interfaces through which these functional blocks exchange information for the purpose of managing and orchestrating ...
OS-level virtualization is an operating system (OS) virtualization paradigm in which the kernel allows the existence of multiple isolated user space instances, including containers (LXC, Solaris Containers, AIX WPARs, HP-UX SRP Containers, Docker, Podman), zones (Solaris Containers), virtual private servers (), partitions, virtual environments (VEs), virtual kernels (DragonFly BSD), and jails ...