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In mycology a tissue or feature is said to be amyloid if it has a positive amyloid reaction when subjected to a crude chemical test using iodine as an ingredient of either Melzer's reagent or Lugol's solution, producing a blue to blue-black staining. The term "amyloid" is derived from the Latin amyloideus ("starch-like"). [1]
To date, 37 human proteins have been found to form amyloid in pathology and be associated with well-defined diseases. [2] The International Society of Amyloidosis classifies amyloid fibrils and their associated diseases based upon associated proteins (for example ATTR is the group of diseases and associated fibrils formed by TTR). [3]
Amyloid light chains deposition in shoulder joint causes enlarged shoulders, also known as "shoulder pad sign". [18] Amyloid light chain depositions can also cause bilateral symmetric polyarthritis. [18] The deposition of amyloid proteins in the bone marrow without causing plasma cell dyscrasias is called amyloidoma. It is commonly found in ...
Amyloid light-chain (AL) amyloidosis, also known as primary amyloidosis, is the most common form of systemic amyloidosis. [1] The disease is caused when a person's antibody -producing cells do not function properly and produce abnormal protein fibers made of components of antibodies called light chains .
Amyloid may also refer to: Amyloid (mycology) , a chemical reaction used in characterization of fungi Amyloid (journal) , the Amyloid: the Journal of Protein Folding Disorders peer-reviewed scientific journal
Melzer's reagent is an aqueous solution of chloral hydrate, potassium iodide, and iodine.Depending on the formulation, it consists of approximately 2.50-3.75% potassium iodide and 0.75–1.25% iodine, with the remainder of the solution being 50% water and 50% chloral hydrate.
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There is evidence that eating amyloid fibers may lead to amyloidosis. This evidence is based on studies in cattle, chickens, mice, and cheetahs. [22] Thus, in a sense, SAA amyloidosis may be considered a contagious disease, although whether this occurs or is important in the development of naturally occurring amyloidosis remains unknown.