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Manganese(VII) oxide (manganese heptoxide) is an inorganic compound with the formula Mn 2 O 7 Manganese heptoxide is a volatile liquid with an oily consistency. It is a highly reactive and powerful oxidizer that reacts explosively with nearly any organic compound.
It may refer more specifically to the following manganese minerals: Birnessite, (Na,Ca) 0.5 (Mn IV,Mn III) 2 O 4 · 1.5 H 2 O; Buserite, MnO 2 ·nH 2 O; Hausmannite, Mn II Mn III 2 O 4; Manganite, Mn III O(OH)
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MnO has the distinction of being one of the first compounds [4] to have its magnetic structure determined by neutron diffraction, the report appearing in 1951. [5] This study showed that the Mn 2+ ions form a face centered cubic magnetic sub-lattice where there are ferromagnetically coupled sheets that are anti-parallel with adjacent sheets.
The determination of chemical structure include (mainly): for the gaseous state: gas electron diffraction [2] and microwave spectroscopy [3]; for the liquid state: NMR spectroscopy [4] (note, obtaining precise structural information from liquids and solutions is still rather difficult compared to gases and crystalline solids)
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2 crystallizes in the rutile crystal structure (this polymorph is called pyrolusite or β-MnO 2), with three-coordinate oxide anions and octahedral metal centres. [4] MnO 2 is characteristically nonstoichiometric, being deficient in oxygen. The complicated solid-state chemistry of this material is relevant to the lore of "freshly prepared" MnO
Manganese is also an essential human dietary element, important in macronutrient metabolism, bone formation, and free radical defense systems. It is a critical component in dozens of proteins and enzymes. [8] It is found mostly in the bones, but also the liver, kidneys, and brain. [9]