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Cystine is the oxidized derivative of the amino acid cysteine and has the formula (SCH 2 CH(NH 2)CO 2 H) 2.It is a white solid that is poorly soluble in water. As a residue in proteins, cystine serves two functions: a site of redox reactions and a mechanical linkage that allows proteins to retain their three-dimensional structure.
Cysteine (/ ˈ s ɪ s t ɪ iː n /; [5] symbol Cys or C [6]) is a semiessential [7] proteinogenic amino acid with the formula HOOC−CH(−NH 2)−CH 2 −SH. The thiol side chain in cysteine enables the formation of disulfide bonds, and often participates in enzymatic reactions as a nucleophile. Cysteine is chiral, but both D and L-cysteine ...
The tables below provides information on the variation of solubility of different substances (mostly inorganic compounds) in water with temperature, at one atmosphere pressure. Units of solubility are given in grams of substance per 100 millilitres of water (g/(100 mL)), unless shown otherwise. The substances are listed in alphabetical order.
Do not mix iron and cysteine before adding to medium as the L-cysteine is a chelating agent. Adjust the pH of the medium to 6.9 at room temperature. Since reagents may vary, each laboratory must determine the amount of KOH required. Hold the completed medium at 50 °C, pour a 10 mL sample, and check the pH at room temperature. When necessary ...
Cystamine (2,2'-dithiobisethanamine) is an organic disulfide.It is formed when cystine is heated, the result of decarboxylation.Cystamine is an unstable liquid and is generally handled as the dihydrochloride salt, C 4 H 12 N 2 S 2 ·2HCl, which is stable to 203-214 °C at which point it decomposes.
TCEP is available from various chemical suppliers as the hydrochloride salt. When dissolved in water, TCEP-HCl is acidic. A reported preparation is a 0.5 M TCEP-HCl aqueous stock solution that is pH adjusted to near-neutral pH and stored frozen at -20˚C. [12] TCEP is reportedly less stable in phosphate buffers. [12]
Examples of dough conditioners include ascorbic acid, distilled monoglycerides, citrate ester of monoglycerides, diglycerides, ammonium chloride, enzymes, [2] diacetyl tartaric acid ester of monoglycerides or DATEM, potassium bromate, calcium salts such as calcium iodate, L-cystine, [3] L-cysteine HCl, [4] glycerol monostearate, azodicarbonamide, [5] [6] sodium stearoyl lactylate, sucrose ...
In part because of its high polarity, HCl is very soluble in water (and in other polar solvents). Upon contact, H 2 O and HCl combine to form hydronium cations [H 3 O] + and chloride anions Cl − through a reversible chemical reaction: HCl + H 2 O → [H 3 O] + + Cl −. The resulting solution is called hydrochloric acid and is a strong acid.