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Wheat middlings (also known as millfeed, wheat mill run, or wheat midds) are the product of the wheat milling process that is not flour. [1] A good source of protein, fiber, phosphorus, and other nutrients, they are a useful fodder for livestock and pets. [2] They are also being researched for use as a biofuel.
In the United States, it is called farina (not to be confused with Italian farina, which is common-wheat flour), and it is used more often for desserts than for savory foods. On the Indian subcontinent, common-wheat semolina may be milled either coarse or fine, and both are used in a wide variety of both sweet and savory dishes. Common names in ...
Detailed illustration of the different parts constituting a wheat kernel. The germ of a cereal grain is the part that develops into a plant; [1] it is the seed embryo. [2] Along with bran, germ is often a by-product of the milling [3] that produces refined grain products.
World trade in wheat is greater than for all other crops combined. In 2021, world wheat production was 771 million tonnes (850 million short tons), making it the second most-produced cereal after maize (known as corn in North America and Australia; wheat is often called corn in countries including Britain). [4]
It was developed to complement the emerging roller mill technique of the late 19th century, which used corrugated metal rollers instead of abrasive grindstones to grind wheat into flour. The middlings purifier was used to separate the bran from the usable part of the flour. The machine developed by LaCroix passed the partially ground middlings ...
To produce refined (white) wheat flour, [4] grain is usually tempered, i.e. moisture added to the grain, before milling, to optimize milling efficiency.This softens the starchy "endosperm" portion of the wheat kernel, which will be separated out in the milling process to produce what is known to consumers as white flour.
Cream of Wheat is an American brand of farina, a type of breakfast porridge mix made from wheat middlings. It looks similar to grits , but is smoother in texture since it is made with ground wheat kernels instead of ground corn.
Wheat and other grains grow on a stalk and have an outer covering known as the husk, or the hull, which is not nutritional to humans. When the hull is removed, it is often referred to as chaff . The edible part of the wheat kernel is a wheat berry composed of the bran (about 14% of the kernel volume), the germ (about 3% of the kernel volume ...