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Despite the importance of the self to person-centered theory, the theory is fundamentally organismic and holistic in nature, [14] [15] with the individual's unique self-concept at the center of the unique "sum total of the biochemical, physiological, perceptual, cognitive, emotional and interpersonal behavioural subsystems constituting the person".
Unconditional positive regard, a concept initially developed by Stanley Standal in 1954, [1] later expanded and popularized by the humanistic psychologist Carl Rogers in 1956, is the basic acceptance and support of a person regardless of what the person says or does, especially in the context of client-centred therapy. [2]
The health belief model (HBM) is a social psychological health behavior change model developed to explain and predict health-related behaviors, particularly in regard to the uptake of health services. [1] [2] The health belief model also refers to an individual's beliefs about preventing diseases, maintaining health, and striving for well-being ...
Self-efficacy is thought to be predictive of the amount of effort an individual will expend in initiating and maintaining a behavioural change, so although self-efficacy is not a behavioural change theory per se, it is an important element of many of the theories, including the health belief model, the theory of planned behaviour and the health ...
Rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT), previously called rational therapy and rational emotive therapy, is an active-directive, philosophically and empirically based psychotherapy, the aim of which is to resolve emotional and behavioral problems and disturbances and to help people to lead happier and more fulfilling lives.
A study compared CBT alone with a mindfulness-based therapy combined with CBT, both delivered via an app. It found that mindfulness-based self-help reduced the severity of depression more than CBT self-help in the short-term. Overall, NHS costs for the mindfulness approach were £500 less per person than for CBT. [227] [228]
Non-contingent self-esteem is described as true, stable, and solid. [90] It springs from a belief that one is "acceptable period, acceptable before life itself, ontologically acceptable". [91] Belief that one is "ontologically acceptable" is to believe that one's acceptability is "the way things are without contingency". [92]
[4] [12] Of particular importance in the model are negative metacognitive beliefs, especially those concerning the uncontrollability and dangerousness of some thoughts. [12] Executive functions are also believed to play a part in how the person can focus and refocus on certain thoughts and mental modes.