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The concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere are expressed as parts per million by volume (abbreviated as ppmv, or ppm(v), or just ppm). To convert from the usual ppmv units to ppm mass (abbreviated as ppmm, or ppm(m)), multiply by the ratio of the molar mass of CO 2 to that of air, i.e. times 1.52 (44.01 divided by 28.96).
The UK standards for schools say that carbon dioxide levels of 800 ppm or lower indicate that the room is well-ventilated. [92] Regulations and standards from around the world show that CO 2 levels below 1000 ppm represent good IAQ, between 1000 and 1500 ppm represent moderate IAQ and greater than 1500 ppm represent poor IAQ.
1 volume percent = 10,000 ppmv (i.e., parts per million by volume) with a million being defined as 10 6. Care must be taken with the concentrations expressed as ppbv to differentiate between the British billion which is 10 12 and the USA billion which is 10 9 (also referred to as the long scale and short scale billion, respectively).
The AQI level is based on the level of six atmospheric pollutants, namely sulfur dioxide (SO 2), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2), suspended particulates smaller than 10 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM 10), [19] suspended particulates smaller than 2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM 2.5), [19] carbon monoxide (CO), and ozone (O 3) measured at the ...
9 ppm (10 mg/m 3) 8-hour Not to be exceeded more than once per year 40 CFR 50.8: Ozone (O 3) Primary and Secondary 0.12 ppm (235 μg/m 3) 1-hour a: expected number of days per calendar year, with maximum hourly average concentration greater than 0.12 ppm, is equal to or less than 1 40 CFR 50.9: Primary and Secondary 0.070 ppm (140 μg/m 3) 8-hour
Emission standards are the legal requirements governing air pollutants released into the atmosphere.Emission standards set quantitative limits on the permissible amount of specific air pollutants that may be released from specific sources over specific timeframes.
Criteria can be set in different units (e.g. μg/m 3, parts per billion by volume (ppbv), parts per billion by mass (ppb (mass)), parts per million (ppm)) and it is possible to convert between all of these units if the molecular mass of the pollutant and the temperature are known. Different standard temperatures are used throughout the world ...
In terms of health effects, the guideline states that PM2.5 concentration of 10 is the lowest level at which total, cardiopulmonary and lung cancer mortality have been shown to increase with more than 95% confidence in response to long-term exposure to PM2.5. [2]