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British scientist William Sturgeon invented the electromagnet in 1824. [3] [4] His first electromagnet was a horseshoe-shaped piece of iron that was wrapped with about 18 turns of bare copper wire. (Insulated wire did not then exist.)
The history of electromagnetic theory begins with ancient measures to understand atmospheric electricity, in particular lightning. [1] People then had little understanding of electricity, and were unable to explain the phenomena. [2]
In 1836 he established the journal Annals of Electricity, Magnetism and Chemistry, and in the same year he invented a galvanometer. [2] Sturgeon was a close associate of John Peter Gassiot and Charles Vincent Walker, and the three were instrumental in founding the London Electrical Society in 1837. [3]
1646 – Sir Thomas Browne first uses the word electricity is in his work Pseudodoxia Epidemica. 1657 – Pierre de Fermat introduces the principle of least time into optics; 1660 – Otto von Guericke invents an early electrostatic generator.
This led William Sturgeon to develop an iron-cored electromagnet in 1824. [7] Joseph Henry further developed the electromagnet into a commercial product in 1830–1831, giving people access to strong magnetic fields for the first time. In 1831 he built an ore separator with an electromagnet capable of lifting 750 pounds (340 kg). [13]
Ancient Greek philosopher Thales of Miletus described static electricity by rubbing fur on substances such as amber. 1600: English scientist William Gilbert coined the word electricus after careful experiments. He also explained the magnetism of Earth. 1660: German scientist Otto von Guericke invented a device that creates static electricity ...
William Sturgeon invented the electromagnet in 1825. [19] Electromagnets were then used in the first practical engineering application of electricity by William Fothergill Cooke and Charles Wheatstone who co-developed a telegraph system that used a number of needles on a board which were moved to point to letters of the alphabet. A five needle ...
The electromagnetic force is one of the four fundamental forces of nature. It is the dominant force in the interactions of atoms and molecules. Electromagnetism can be thought of as a combination of electrostatics and magnetism, which are distinct but closely intertwined phenomena. Electromagnetic forces occur between any two charged particles.