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Process safety is an interdisciplinary engineering domain focusing on the study, prevention, and management of large-scale fires, explosions and chemical accidents (such as toxic gas clouds) in process plants or other facilities dealing with hazardous materials, such as refineries and oil and gas (onshore and offshore) production installations ...
Process Safety Management of Highly Hazardous Chemicals is a regulation promulgated by the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). [1] It defines and regulates a process safety management (PSM) program for plants using, storing, manufacturing, handling or carrying out on-site movement of hazardous materials above defined amount thresholds.
Process safety management (PSM) is a practice to manage business operations critical to process safety. It can be implemented using the established OSHA scheme [ 1 ] or others made available by the EPA , [ 2 ] AIChE 's Center for Chemical Process Safety , [ 3 ] or the Energy Institute .
A process hazard analysis (PHA) (or process hazard evaluation) is an exercise for the identification of hazards of a process facility and the qualitative or semi-quantitative assessment of the associated risk.
The HAZOP technique was initially developed for systems involving the treatment of a fluid medium or other material flow in the process industries, where it is now a major element of process safety management. It was later expanded to the analysis of batch reactions and process plant operational procedures.
Process safety – Study, prevention, and management of major hazardous material accidents in process plants; Public health – Promoting health through informed choices; Safety engineering – Engineering discipline which assures that engineered systems provide acceptable levels of safety
Process safety is specific to industrial process plants, and focuses primarily on major accidents rather than both immediate and long-term effects (such as chemical carcinogenity). The hazardous nature of many chemicals may be increased when mixed with other chemicals, heated or handled inappropriately.
Protection through the use of safety layers. A process plant shutdown system is a functional safety countermeasure crucial in any hazardous process plant such as oil and gas production plants and oil refineries. The concept also applies to non-process facilities such as nuclear plants. These systems are used to protect people, assets, and the ...