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2. Atmospheric vacuum breaker - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_vacuum_breaker

   An Atmospheric Vacuum Breaker (AVB) is a backflow prevention device used in plumbing to prevent backflow of non-potable liquids into the drinking water system. Diagram of Atmospheric Vacuum Breaker in both working states. It is usually constructed of brass and resembles a 90-degree elbow with a hood on its top to allow air to enter the water ...

3. Vacuum breaker - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuum_breaker

   An atmospheric vacuum breaker consists of a check valve and an air vent. The devices allow air into the system to prevent a siphon at the point of use. Hose connection vacuum breakers are installed on faucets and hose bibbs to prevent backflow into the water supply.

4. Backflow prevention device - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backflow_prevention_device

   Backflow means the undesirable reversal of flow of a liquid, gas, or suspended solid into the potable water supply; a backflow preventer is designed to keep this from happening. Points at which a potable water system connects with a non-potable water system are called cross connections .

5. Pressure vacuum breaker - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressure_vacuum_breaker

   A pressure vacuum breaker (PVB) is a type of backflow prevention device, used to keep non-potable (or contaminated) water from entering the water supply. A PVB is similar to an atmospheric vacuum breaker (AVB), except that the PVB contains a spring-loaded poppet. This makes it acceptable for applications that are high hazard or where valves are ...

6. Air gap (plumbing) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_gap_(plumbing)

   This arrangement prevents any contaminants in the sink from entering into the potable water system by siphonage; this is the simplest form of backflow prevention. A common use of the term "air gap" in domestic plumbing refers to a specialized fixture that provides backflow prevention for an installed dishwasher. This "air gap" is visible above ...

7. Reduced pressure zone device - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reduced_pressure_zone_device

   A reduced pressure zone device (RPZD, RPZ, or RPZ valve) is a type of backflow prevention device used to protect water supplies from contamination. RPZDs may also be known as reduced pressure principle (RP), reduced pressure principle backflow prevention devices, [1] [2] reduced pressure zone assemblies (RPZA), [3] or reduced pressure principle ...