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A maternal effect is a situation where the phenotype of an organism is determined not only by the environment it experiences and its genotype, but also by the environment and genotype of its mother. In genetics , maternal effects occur when an organism shows the phenotype expected from the genotype of the mother, irrespective of its own ...
Matrilineality is the tracing of kinship through the female line. It may also correlate with a social system in which each person is identified with their matriline, their mother's lineage, and which can involve the inheritance of property and titles.
[4] A popular definition, according to James Peoples and Garrick Bailey, is "female dominance". [5] Within the academic discipline of cultural anthropology , according to the OED , matriarchy is a "culture or community in which such a system prevails" [ 4 ] or a "family, society, organization, etc., dominated by a woman or women" without ...
She asks whether a "good mother" trains her son to be competitive, individualistic, and comfortable within the hierarchies of patriarchy, knowing that he may likely be economically successful but a mean person, or whether she resists patriarchal ideologies and socializes her son to be cooperative and communal but economically unsuccessful. [35]
However, conflict among genes in the same genome may arise both in events related to reproduction (a selfish gene may "cheat" and increase its own presence in gametes or offspring above the expected according to fair Mendelian segregation and fair gametogenesis) and altruism (genes in the same genome may disagree on how to value other organisms ...
The Coolidge effect is a biological ... and thus there is either no Coolidge effect in the species or no difference between the degrees to which the effect ...
In animals this is often accompanied by chromosomal differences, generally through combinations of XY, ZW, XO, ZO chromosomes, or haplodiploidy. The sexual differentiation is generally triggered by a main gene (a "sex locus"), with a multitude of other genes following in a domino effect.
The patriarch hypothesis rests on three assumptions: Older males can reproduce. It is clear that older males do reproduce, as the oldest verified paternity is 94 years, 35 years beyond the oldest documented birth attributed to females. [9] The allele for slowing life history and extending longevity is not on the Y chromosome.