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Optic nerve melanocytoma does not usually produce symptoms or grow. If they slowly grow, optic nerve melanocytoma can produce afferent pupillary defects (30%), subretinal fluid (10%), and an enlarged blind spot (75%). On fundoscopic exam, the optic disc may be swollen, atrophic, or even normal. [1] Central retinal vein occlusion may occur.
Optic nerve sheath meningiomas (ONSM) are rare benign tumors of the optic nerve. 60–70% of cases occur in middle age females, and is more common in older adults (mean age 44.7 years). It is also seen in children, but this is rare. The tumors grow from cells that surround the optic nerve, and as the tumor grows, it compresses the optic nerve.
Tumors growing in the inner wing most often cause direct damage to the optic nerve leading especially to a decrease in visual acuity, progressive loss of color vision, defects in the field of vision (especially cecocentral), and an afferent pupillary defect. If the tumor continues to grow and push on the optic nerve, all vision will be lost in ...
Optic gliomas are usually pilocytic tumors, and can involve the optic nerve or optic chiasm. [3] Optic gliomas are usually associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 in 30% of people with the condition. [3] Optic nerve gliomas have low mortality but extremely high prevalence of vision loss and eye-bulging exophthalmos) in children. [4]
Meningioma seen at autopsy, as a tumor of the dura mater extending into the cranial cavity, and can be detached from the bone along with the rest of the dura mater. Small tumors (e.g., < 2.0 cm) usually are incidental findings at autopsy without having caused symptoms. Larger tumors may cause symptoms, depending on the size and location.
The optic tract is a continuation of the optic nerve that relays information from the optic chiasm to the ipsilateral lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN), pretectal nuclei, and superior colliculus. [14] The optic tract represents the first stage in the visual pathway in which visual information is transferred in a homonymous nature. [ 15 ]
The authors noted that the median age was 40 years for patients with intracranial tumors and 49 years for those with spinal tumors. The lesions were more common in women (57.9%). The review reported a recurrence rate of 26.3% and a mortality rate of 10.5% over a 46-month period. [13]
Diktyoma, or ciliary body medulloepithelioma, or teratoneuroma, is a rare tumor arising from primitive medullary epithelium in the ciliary body of the eye. Almost all diktyomas arise in the ciliary body, although, rarely, they may arise from the optic nerve head or retina. [1] The name "diktyoma" comes from its characteristic findings on histology.