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Pallava 4th century Cham 4th century; ... In the first half of the 7th century, the Tibetan script was used for the codification of these sacred ... Chinese and ...
Digitization of a Dunhuang manuscript. Dunhuang manuscripts refer to a wide variety of religious and secular documents (mostly manuscripts, including hemp, silk, paper and woodblock-printed texts) in Tibetan, Chinese, and other languages that were discovered by Frenchman Paul Pelliot and British man Aurel Stein at the Mogao Caves of Dunhuang, Gansu, China, from 1906 to 1909.
In 1923, Karlgren published his Analytic dictionary of Middle Chinese, which grouped characters by phonetic series and drew inferences about Old Chinese sounds. [3] His Grammata Serica (1940) was an expanded dictionary that included Karlgren's Old Chinese reconstructions.
Uchen script is a written Tibetan script that uses alphabetic characters to physically record the spoken languages of Tibet and Bhutan. Uchen script emerged in between the seventh and early eighth century, alongside the formation and development of the Tibetan Empire.
A variety of different styles of calligraphy exist in Tibet: The Uchen (དབུ་ཅན།, "headed"; also transliterated as uchan or dbu-can) style of the Tibetan script is marked by heavy horizontal lines and tapering vertical lines, and is the most common script for writing in the Tibetan language, and also appears in printed form because of its exceptional clarity.
It is also called the Sakya dynasty (Tibetan: ས་སྐྱ་, Wylie: sa skya, Chinese: 薩迦王朝; pinyin: Sàjiā Wángcháo) after the favored Sakya school of Tibetan Buddhism. The region retained a degree of political autonomy under the Sakya lama , who was the de jure head of Tibet and a spiritual leader of the Mongol Empire.
Thus, a system of writing the Chinese language with Arabic script gradually developed and standardized to some extent. Currently, the oldest known artifact showing signs of Xiao'erjing is a stone stele in the courtyard of Daxue Xixiang Mosque [ de ] in Xi'an .
Tsugtsen marries Tang Chinese princess Chin-Cheng. 717: The Tibetans (according to an 11th-century Chinese history) join with the Turkic Türgish to attack Kashgar. 720: Tibetan troops take Uighur principality of 'Bug-cor in the Dunhuang oasis. 755–797: Reign of Trisong Detsen, Tsugtsen's son. Reconquest of Central Asia 763