Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Some, but not all, studies in humans with PFAS exposure have shown that certain PFAS may affect growth, learning, and behavior of infants and older children, lower a woman's chance of getting pregnant, interfere with the body's natural hormones, increase cholesterol levels, affect the immune system, and increase the risk of cancer." [82]
It is commonly referred to as the main harmful PFAS chemical and PFOA is responsible for many of the negative health effects commonly associated with PFAS. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances are a group of synthetic organofluorine chemical compounds that have multiple fluorine atoms attached to an alkyl chain. Different organizations use ...
Since then, 3M has continued to use PFAs in a variety of products, with Scotchgard being the most well known and commercially lucrative. [4] Until the early 2000s, waste from the production of PFAs was dumped at four sites in Minnesota, the Washington County Landfill, the 3M Cottage Grove Chemolite Site, the 3M Woodbury site, and the 3M Oakdale ...
These PFAS would be added to the list of substances identified for consideration in facility assessments and, where necessary, further investigation and cleanup through the corrective action ...
In 2024, a worldwide study of 45,000 groundwater samples found that 31% of samples contained levels of PFAS that were harmful to human health; these samples were taken from areas not near any obvious source of contamination. [52] Soil is also contaminated and the chemicals have been found in remote areas such as Antarctica. [53]
The main method used for the industrial scale production of PFOS is electrochemical fluorination (ECF). [16] ECF is an electrolysis method whereby the precursor of octanesulfonyl fluoride is electrolyzed in a solution of hydrogen fluoride to give perfluorooctanesulfonyl fluoride. This production method also results in shorter chain ...
A new EU drinking water directive issued in 2020 adopted PFAS limit values. The limit values are 0.1 μg/L for the sum of 20 PFASs including PFHxS, and 0.5 μg/L for the sum of all PFASs. This directive is binding for all EU member nations. It is a minimum directive, and member states can elect to adopt stricter regulations. [19]
This method is used, for example, in the analysis of fire-fighting foams (aqueous film forming foam), textiles or water samples. [3] [4] Blood serum can also be analyzed in this way. [5] In addition to fluorotelomer compounds, hydrogen-substituted perfluorosulfonic acids (H n-PFSAs), for example, can also be oxidized using the TOP Assay ...