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The endothelium (pl.: endothelia) is a single layer of squamous endothelial cells that line the interior surface of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels. [1] The endothelium forms an interface between circulating blood or lymph in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall.
Human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMVECs) are cells derived from the pulmonary endothelium. HLMVECs are used as a laboratory model system for the study of the function and pathology of the pulmonary endothelium to research conditions such as ARDS [ 1 ] HLMVECs are used due to their simple techniques for isolating them from adult ...
Circulating endothelial cells (CECs) are endothelial cells that have been shed from the lining of the vascular wall into the blood stream. [1] Endothelial cells normally line blood vessels to maintain vascular integrity and permeability, but when these cells enter into the circulation, this could be a reflection of vascular dysfunction and damage. [2]
Endothelial cell-specific molecule 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ESM1 gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] This gene encodes a secreted protein which is mainly expressed in the endothelial cells in human lung and kidney tissues.
Type I cells are the larger of the two cell types; they are thin, flat epithelial lining cells (membranous pneumocytes), that form the structure of the alveoli. [3] They are squamous (giving more surface area to each cell) and have long cytoplasmic extensions that cover more than 95% of the alveolar surface.
This blood–air barrier is extremely thin (approximately 600 nm-2μm; in some places merely 200 nm) to allow sufficient oxygen diffusion, yet it is extremely strong. This strength comes from the type IV collagen in between the endothelial and epithelial cells. Damage can occur to this barrier at a pressure difference of around 40 millimetres ...
1636 11421 Ensembl ENSG00000159640 ENSMUSG00000020681 UniProt P12821 P09470 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000789 NM_001178057 NM_152830 NM_152831 NM_001382700 NM_001382701 NM_001382702 NM_009598 NM_207624 NM_001281819 RefSeq (protein) NP_000780 NP_001171528 NP_690043 NP_001369629 NP_001369630 NP_001369631 NP_001268748 NP_033728 NP_997507 Location (UCSC) Chr 17: 63.48 – 63.5 Mb Chr 11: 105.86 – 105.88 ...
Pericytes (formerly called Rouget cells) [1] are multi-functional mural cells of the microcirculation that wrap around the endothelial cells that line the capillaries throughout the body. [2] Pericytes are embedded in the basement membrane of blood capillaries, where they communicate with endothelial cells by means of both direct physical ...