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In martial arts such as iaidō, kendō or jōdō, no external signifier of rank is worn, though a black belt is by far the most recognizable symbol to the general public. The highest dan ranks are sometimes reserved for the founder or leaders of a style and only high-ranking students can be promoted to them.
Some aikido organizations use belts to distinguish practitioners' grades, often simply white and black belts to distinguish kyu and dan grades, although some use various belt colors. Testing requirements vary, so a particular rank in one organization is not comparable or interchangeable with the rank of another. [ 4 ]
Although some aikido schools do use a coloured belt system the norm is for kyū grades to wear a white belt, and for dan grades to wear a black belt. [3] Kyū -level practitioners are often called mudansha ( 無段者 ) , "ones without rank " , and are considered as initiates rather than students.
Two aikido black belts training. Rank and belts are not equivalent between arts, styles, or even within some organisations. [4] In some arts, a black belt may be awarded in three years or even less, while in others it takes dedicated training of ten years or more.
In some cases stripes are added to distinguish additional levels, or the rank of a master beyond the 1st dan. The red obi has the greatest variation among martial arts rankings. In some martial arts it is used for the highest dan ranks, the founder of a style or a grandmaster, while in others it designates a low or unranked beginner.
In aikido, the title shihan often is granted to teachers when they reach 6th dan. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is sometimes associated with certain rights, such as the right to give out black belt ( dan ) ranks. However, the title is distinct from the black belt ranking system ( 段位 dan'i ).
Shodan (初段), literally meaning "beginning degree," is the lowest black belt rank in Japanese martial arts [1] and the game of Go.The 2nd dan is higher than Shodan, but the 1st dan is called Shodan traditionally and not "Ichidan".
In Seiki Juku karate, a red belt denotes 10th Kyu, the lowest beginner rank. [5] In Shorinkan karate the red belt is the highest belt. In vovinam, the red belt is the highest master rank. In Kyokushin karate, as governed by the International Federation of Karate (IFK), a red belt denotes 10th and 9th kyu, the two lowest ranks after white belt ...