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A 2000 study suggested that bulls of the species reach a shoulder height of 2.4–3.0 m (7 ft 10 in – 9 ft 10 in), and weighed 4,000–7,000 kg (8,800–15,400 lb), while females were about 1.8–2.4 m (5 ft 11 in – 7 ft 10 in) tall at the shoulder and 2,000–4,000 kg (4,400–8,800 lb). [4] However, a 2003 study of forest elephants at a ...
The brain of an elephant weighs 4.5–5.5 kg (10–12 lb) compared to 1.6 kg (4 lb) for a human brain. [79] It is the largest of all terrestrial mammals. [80] While the elephant brain is larger overall, it is proportionally smaller than the human brain. At birth, an elephant's brain already weighs 30–40% of its adult weight.
[3] [19] [20] [21] The maximum recorded shoulder height of an adult bull is 3.96 m (13.0 ft), with this individual having an estimated weight of 10.4 t (11.5 short tons). [3] Elephants attain their maximum stature when they complete the fusion of long-bone epiphyses, occurring in males around the age of 40 and females around 25 years of age. [3]
The African forest elephant is smaller with a weight of up to 4,000 kg (8,800 lb) and a shoulder height of 1.8–2.4 m (5 ft 11 in – 7 ft 10 in) in females and 2.4–3 m (7 ft 10 in – 9 ft 10 in) in males. [9] It is the third largest terrestrial animal. [33]
Sumatran elephants reach a shoulder height of between 2 and 3.2 m (6.6 and 10.5 ft), weigh between 2,000 and 4,000 kg (4,400 and 8,800 lb), and have 20 pairs of ribs. Their skin colour is lighter than of the Sri Lankan elephant and the Indian elephant even with the least depigmentation. [4]
Some 227,900 elephants live in the Kavango–Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area — 500,000 square kilometers (193,051 square miles) of protected land, which is about 90% within Botswana and ...
The upper catchment of Ulu Segama Forest Reserve had the highest density of elephants with 3.69 elephants per 1 km 2 (0.39 sq mi). Only the unprotected central forest area supported an elephant population of more than 1,000 individuals. [10]
Desert elephants at the dried up Huab River in Namibia Female spraying sand to keep cool while standing guard over her calf, Damaraland, Namibia. Desert elephants or desert-adapted elephants are not a distinct species of elephant but are African bush elephants (Loxodonta africana) that have made their homes in the Namib and Sahara deserts in Africa.