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The distance between an object and a lens. Real object Virtual object s i: The distance between an image and a lens. Real image Virtual image f: The focal length of a lens. Converging lens Diverging lens y o: The height of an object from the optical axis. Erect object Inverted object y i: The height of an image from the optical axis Erect image ...
The rear focal length f ′ is the distance from the rear principal plane H ′ to the rear focal point F ′. Front focal distance (FFD) The front focal distance (FFD) (s F) is the distance from the front focal point of the system (F) to the vertex of the first optical surface (S 1). [1] [3] Some authors refer to this as "front focal length".
Image distance in a spherical mirror + = () Subscripts 1 and 2 refer to initial and final optical media respectively. These ratios are sometimes also used, following simply from other definitions of refractive index, wave phase velocity, and the luminal speed equation:
If an object is placed at a distance S 1 > f from a positive lens of focal length f, we will find an image at a distance S 2 according to this formula. If a screen is placed at a distance S 2 on the opposite side of the lens, an image is formed on it. This sort of image, which can be projected onto a screen or image sensor, is known as a real ...
where n is the local refractive index as a function of distance along the path C. An electromagnetic wave propagating along a path C has the phase shift over C as if it was propagating a path in a vacuum, length of which, is equal to the optical path length of C.
Similarly to curved mirrors, thin lenses follow a simple equation that determines the location of the images given a particular focal length and object distance (): + = where is the distance associated with the image and is considered by convention to be negative if on the same side of the lens as the object and positive if on the opposite side ...
For cameras that can only focus on one object distance at a time, depth of field is the distance between the nearest and the farthest objects that are in acceptably sharp focus in the image. [1] " Acceptably sharp focus" is defined using a property called the " circle of confusion ".
The object and corresponding image points can be interchanged. The object plane and the corresponding image plane are conjugate to each other. In optics , a conjugate plane or conjugate focal plane of a given plane P , is the plane P′ such that points on P are imaged on P′ . [ 1 ]