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The establishment of a new state molded the various Slav, Bulgar and earlier or later populations into the "Bulgarian people" of the First Bulgarian Empire [73] [107] [108] speaking a South Slavic language. [109] In different periods to the ethnogenesis of the local population contributed also different Indo-European and Turkic people, who ...
The official government claim was that the Turks in Bulgaria were really Bulgarians who were Turkified, and that they voluntarily chose to change their Turkish/Muslim names to Bulgarian/Slavic ones. [102] During this period the Bulgarian authorities denied all reports of ethnic repression and that ethnic Turks existed in the country.
Bulgars led by Khan Krum pursue the Byzantines at the Battle of Versinikia (813). The Bulgars (also Bulghars, Bulgari, Bolgars, Bolghars, Bolgari, [1] Proto-Bulgarians [2]) were Turkic semi-nomadic warrior tribes that flourished in the Pontic–Caspian steppe and the Volga region between the 5th [3] and 7th centuries.
[4] [5] It has also been suggested that some Turks living today in Bulgaria may be direct ethnic descendants of earlier medieval Pecheneg, Oğuz, and Cuman Turkic tribes. [6] [7] [8] The Turkish community became an ethnic minority when the Principality of Bulgaria was established after the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878.
The Turkic peoples are a collection of diverse ethnic groups of West, Central, East, and North Asia as well as parts of Europe, who speak Turkic languages. [37] [38]According to historians and linguists, the Proto-Turkic language originated in Central-East Asia, [39] potentially in the Altai-Sayan region, Mongolia or Tuva.
Bulgarian is the country's only official language. It is spoken by the vast majority of the Bulgarian population and used at all levels of society. It is a Slavic language, and its closest relative is Macedonian. Bulgarian is written with Cyrillic, which is also used by Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian, Serbian and Macedonian.
The medieval Bulgarian Empire had active relations with Eastern Thrace before the Ottoman conquest of the Balkans in the 14th–15th century: the area was often part of the Bulgarian state under its stronger rulers from Krum's reign on, such as Simeon I and Ivan Asen II; the city of Edirne (Adrianople, Odrin) was under Bulgarian control a number of times.
The Slavs or Slavic people is the largest ethnic group in Europe. [1] They predominantly inhabit Central Europe, Eastern Europe, and Southeastern Europe.There is a large Slavic minority scattered across the Baltic states and Central Asia, [2] [3] and a substantially dispersed Slavic population in the Americas, Western Europe, and Northern Europe.