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Air pollution in Turkey, such as fine dust from traffic, is a serious problem in Istanbul. [1] [2] Although the historic peninsula was partially pedestrianised in the early 21st century, [3] a 2015 study found that this is the part of the city which would benefit most from a low emission zone. [4]
Humans have lived in the area now known as Istanbul since at least the Neolithic period. The earliest known settlement dates from 6700 BC, discovered in 2008, during the construction works of the Yenikapı subway station and the Marmaray tunnel at the historic peninsula on the European side.
The Remaking of Istanbul: Portrait of an Ottoman City in the Nineteenth Century. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-08239-7. Chandler, Tertius (1987). Four Thousand Years of Urban Growth: An Historical Census. Lewiston, NY: St. David's University Press. ISBN 978-0-88946-207-6. Kendall, Elisabeth (2002).
The Fatih district, which was named after Mehmed II (Turkish: Fatih Sultan Mehmed), corresponds to what was the whole of Constantinople until the Ottoman conquest; today it is the capital district and called the historic peninsula of Istanbul on the southern shore of the Golden Horn, across the medieval Genoese citadel of Galata on the northern ...
Historic Areas of Istanbul; History of Constantinople; History of the Jews in Istanbul; N. Names of Istanbul; New Rome; S. ... Statistics; Cookie statement; Mobile ...
There are many landmarks in Istanbul. The historic areas of Istanbul are cited as UNESCO World Heritage Site. ... Statistics; Cookie statement; Mobile view; Search.
Bernard Lewis (1963), Istanbul and the Civilization of the Ottoman Empire, USA: University of Oklahoma Press, OCLC 479098 "Istanbul, the City That Links Europe and Asia", National Geographic, vol. 144, Washington DC, 1973; J. H. G. Lebon (1970). "Islamic City in the Near East: A Comparative Study of Cairo, Alexandria and Istanbul".
The first three sites in Turkey, Great Mosque and Hospital of Divriği, Historic Areas of Istanbul and Göreme National Park and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia, were inscribed on the list at the 9th Session of the World Heritage Committee, held in Paris, France, in 1985. [3]