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William Ellison Jr. (April 1790 – December 5, 1861), born April Ellison, was an American cotton gin maker and blacksmith in South Carolina, and former African-American slave who achieved considerable success as a slaveowner before the American Civil War.
Becoming one of the largest slave owners in South Carolina in the 1860s, Ellison was mulatto and born to a slave woman and one of the Ellison men who owned her near Winnsboro in Fairfield...
In his 1985 statewide study of black slaveholders in South Carolina, Larry Koger challenged this benevolent view. He found that the majority of mixed-race or black slaveholders appeared to hold at least some of their slaves for commercial reasons.
By 1740, African Americans made up two thirds of South Carolina’s population. That year also marked two firsts in South Carolina: the enactment of a more comprehensive slave code, and the enactment of a law curtailing the slave trade.
James Henry Hammond (1807–1864), U.S. Senator and South Carolina governor, defender of slavery, and owner of more than 300 slaves. [133] Wade Hampton I (c. 1752 – 1835), American general, Congressman, and planter. One of the largest slave-holders in the country, he was alleged to have conducted experiments on the people he enslaved. [134] [135]
It reveals how some African-American slave masters had earned their freedom and how some free Blacks purchased slaves for their own use. The book provides a fresh perspective on slavery in...
Free black entrepreneur. Originally named April, Ellison was the mulatto offspring of a slave woman and one of the Ellison men who owned her near Winnsboro in Fairfield District. In approximately 1802 he began an exceptional fourteen-year apprenticeship with a local cotton-gin maker.
In 1860, 171 free persons of color owned 766 slaves. Frequently these were family members who had been purchased but could not legally be emancipated. Other free blacks held slaves for their labor.
Black Slaveowners: Free Black Slave Masters in South Carolina 1790-1860. This book argues that the slaveowners in South Carolina were exploitive in nature and wished to join and ally with the White elite of the state. Koger also looks at the numbers and makeup of the Black slave-owning population and the reasons for owning slaves.
Having spent many years turning thousands of pages of archival records, I’ve compiled a non-systematic, non-quantitative collection of common and unusual names of enslaved people who lived in South Carolina before the end of slavery in 1865.