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According to the IUCN, all elephant species are endangered. African forest elephants are listed as critically endangered , while African savanna and Asian elephants have been listed as endangered.
There are approximately 415,000 African elephants left in the world. The World Wildlife Foundation said that, in 2016, experts estimated their population had fallen by 111,000 over the course of a ...
This species is considered to be critically endangered. African bush elephants were listed as Endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) in 2021, [145] and African forest elephants were listed as Critically Endangered in the same year. [146]
Elephants replace their teeth four to six times in their lifetimes. At around 40 to 60 years of age, the elephant loses the last of its molars and will likely die of starvation which is a common cause of death. African elephants have 24 teeth in total, six on each quadrant of the jaw.
The pre-eminent threats to the Asian elephant today are habitat loss, degradation, and fragmentation, which are driven by an expanding human population, and lead in turn to increasing conflicts between humans and elephants when elephants eat or trample crops. Hundreds of people and elephants are killed annually as a result of such conflicts. [12]
An international conservation organization has listed African elephants as critically endangered after a sharp population decline.
African forest elephants are hunted by various hunter-gatherer groups in the Congo basin, including by Mbuti pygmies, among others. It is unknown how long the active hunting of elephants in the region has been practised, and it may have only begun as a response for the demand for ivory beginning in the 19th century or earlier. [55]
Between 1979 and 1989, the African elephant population decreased from 1.3 million to 600,000. Ivory became a billion-dollar market, with about 80% of the supply taken from illegally killed elephants. [2] [3] As of 2014, according to a report by the Wildlife Conservation Society, about 96 African elephants are killed for their tusks every day.