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Eurycea longicauda, commonly known as the long-tailed salamander [4] or longtail salamander, [5] is a species of lungless salamander native to the Appalachian Region of the eastern United States. It is a " cave salamander " that frequents twilight zones of caves and also inhabits springs and surrounding forest.
The holotype for Desmognathus fuscus does not exist; Rafinesque (1820) described the type locality to be in the northern parts of the state of New York in small brooks. [6] [7] The spotted dusky salamander (D. conanti) and the flat-headed salamander (D. planiceps) were described in the 1950s but were later thought to be synonymous with the northern dusky salamander, but further studies have ...
However, the axolotl is unusual in that it has a lack of thyroid-stimulating hormone, which is needed for the thyroid to produce thyroxine in order for the axolotl to go through metamorphosis; therefore, it keeps its gills and lives in water all its life, even after it becomes an adult and is able to reproduce. Neoteny is the term for reaching ...
[15] [16] The common mudpuppy never leaves its aquatic environment and therefore does not undergo morphogenesis; however, many salamanders do and develop differentiated teeth. [17] Aquatic salamander teeth are used to hinder escape of the prey from the salamander; they do not have a crushing function. [17] This aids the salamander when feeding.
Often, these are on the tail, which may be waggled or turned up and arched over the animal's back. The sacrifice of the tail may be a worthwhile strategy, if the salamander escapes with its life and the predator learns to avoid that species of salamander in the future. [49]
Once fully metamorphosed, they leave the water and live a terrestrial life, when they are known as "efts." [12] [13] Only when the eft reaches adulthood will the North American species return to live in water, rarely venturing back onto the land. Conversely, most European species live their adult lives on land and only visit water to breed. [14]
Like many salamanders, the breeding season for the Shenandoah salamander occurs during late spring or summer. [11] Female salamanders do not breed prior to 4 years of age and lay an average clutch size of 13 eggs every other year. Clutches are laid in areas of moisture and incubate for 1–3 months.
E. nana is an aquatic salamander. It does not leave the water to change into a terrestrial form, but rather matures in the water. As a neotenic form, E. nana retains its gills for its lifetime. The San Marcos salamander has a narrow head with a round snout, large eyes, and a dark iris. External gills are developed and pigmented. 2–6 ...