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Air pollution and water pollution are challenges for Sri Lanka since both cause negative health impacts. Overfishing and insufficient waste management, especially in rural areas, leads to environmental pollution. Sri Lanka is also vulnerable to climate change impacts such as extreme weather events and sea level rise. [1]
Sri Lanka has one of the richest diversity of amphibians in the world, containing 122 species of amphibians up to January 2019 with many recent discoveries, with 112 endemic species. [ 5 ] 52 species of amphibians in Sri Lanka are threatened, all but one of which are endemic.
Sri Lankan freshwater habitats can be divided into 6 major types - river, stream, lake, pond, villu and paddy field - according to size, depth, rate of flow and type of bottom. Medium-sized rivers are called Oya and fast flowing streams torrential streams are called Dola in Sinhalese. The following list provide the freshwater fauna of Sri Lanka.
In January 2019, the new species, P. conniffae was discovered in southern Sri Lanka. [10] Sri Lanka has the highest percentage of extinct and threatened amphibian species in Asia. [2] In the 20th century the country has lost 20% of its amphibians and more than half of the remaining species are on the verge of extinction. Of the world's 34 ...
According to the U.N. FAO, 28.8% of Sri Lanka was forested in 2010 (about 1,86 million hectares). In 1995, it was 1.94 million hectares or 32.2% [11] of the land area that was classified as dense forests while the balance 0.47 million hectares or 7% the land area classified as open forests.
Sri Lanka's current water management plan seeks to preserve the ecosystem and cultural benefits of the system while making large-scale investments in drinking water systems, sewage treatment plants, and commercial-industrial water infrastructure. [24]
There are 111 lizards known from Sri Lanka, with 17 newly discovered in 2006, and two more in 2016 and 2017. [ 11 ] [ 12 ] One of species was discovered in 2019 from Ensalwatta, Matara. [ 13 ] In 2019, seven more endemic day geckos have been discovered by Suranjan Karunaratne and Mendis Wickramasinghe.
Sri Lanka is a tropical island situated close to the southern tip of India. It is situated in the middle of Indian Ocean. Because of being an island, Sri Lanka has many endemic freshwater fauna, including fish, crabs, molluscs, and other aquatic insects.