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The modified compression field theory (MCFT) is a general model for the load-deformation behaviour of two-dimensional cracked reinforced concrete subjected to shear. It models concrete considering concrete stresses in principal directions summed with reinforcing stresses assumed to be only axial.
ACI 318 Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete provides minimum requirements necessary to provide public health and safety for the design and construction of structural concrete buildings. [6] It is issued and maintained by the American Concrete Institute. [7] The latest edition of the code is ACI 318-19.
The effective reinforcement ratio was determined from the maximum arching moment of resistance in a rigidly restrained concrete slab, which Rankin [21] had derived for laterally restrained concrete slabs from McDowell, McKee and Sevin's [22] arching action deformation theory for masonry walls.
A typical timber shear wall consists of braced panels in the wall line, constructed using structural plywood sheathing, specific nailing at the edges, and supporting framing. A shear wall is an element of a structurally engineered system that is designed to resist in- plane lateral forces, typically wind and seismic loads.
Mohr–Coulomb theory is a mathematical model (see yield surface) describing the response of brittle materials such as concrete, or rubble piles, to shear stress as well as normal stress. Most of the classical engineering materials follow this rule in at least a portion of their shear failure envelope.
Once the slabs have been raised to their desired height the lifting collars are welded to the columns, along with shear blocks to support the slab from beneath. To assure the security of a structure during the raising of the slabs, the hydraulic jacks, attached to the top of the columns, use synchronized consoles to lift the slabs at an even ...
Concrete has a very low coefficient of thermal expansion, and as it matures concrete shrinks. All concrete structures will crack to some extent, due to shrinkage and tension. Concrete which is subjected to long-duration forces is prone to creep. The density of concrete varies, but is around 2,400 kilograms per cubic metre (150 lb/cu ft). [1]
The concrete or mortar is formulated to be sticky and resist flowing when at rest to allow use on walls and ceilings, but exhibit sufficient shear thinning to be easily plumbable through hoses. Shotcrete is usually an all-inclusive term for both the wet-mix and dry-mix versions invented by Akeley.