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salamu alaykum written in the Thuluth style of Arabic calligraphy. As-salamu alaykum (Arabic: ٱلسَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ, romanized: as-salāmu ʿalaykum, pronounced [as.sa.laː.mu ʕa.laj.kum] ⓘ), also written salamun alaykum and typically rendered in English as salam alaykum, is a greeting in Arabic that means 'Peace be upon you'.
Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) or Modern Written Arabic (MWA) [3] is the variety of standardized, literary Arabic that developed in the Arab world in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, [4] [5] and in some usages also the variety of spoken Arabic that approximates this written standard. [6]
عامية المثقفين ʿāmmiyyat al-muṯaqqafīn, 'colloquial of the cultured' (also called Educated Spoken Arabic, Formal Spoken Arabic, or Spoken MSA by other authors [28]): This is a vernacular dialect that has been heavily influenced by MSA, i.e. borrowed words from MSA (this is similar to the literary Romance languages, wherein ...
The use of the greeting differs when interacting with non-Muslims such as people of the book (ahlul kitab). Some scholars are divided on the issue. Most believe that when greeted by non-Muslims, Muslims can only respond by stating "wa ʿalaykum" ("and upon you") instead of the longer version, while others suggest replying with a salam.
Arabic, like all other Semitic languages (except for the Latin-written Maltese, and the languages with the Ge'ez script), is written from right to left. There are several styles of scripts such as thuluth , muhaqqaq , tawqi , rayhan , and notably naskh , which is used in print and by computers, and ruqʻah , which is commonly used for ...
In 1889 the Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain claimed that the Arabic spoken in Sudan was "a pure but archaic Arabic". [12] This is related to Sudanese Arabic's realization of the Modern Standard Arabic voiceless uvular plosive [q] as the voiced velar stop [g], as is done in Sa'idi Arabic and other varieties of Sudanic Arabic, as well as Sudanese Arabic's ...
Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) is spoken in formal TV programs, and in Modern Standard Arabic classes, as well as to quote poetry and historical phrases. It is also the language used to write and read in formal situations if English is not being used. However, MSA is not spoken during regular conversations.
Classical Arabic or Quranic Arabic (Arabic: العربية الفصحى, romanized: al-ʻArabīyah al-Fuṣḥā, lit. 'the most eloquent classic Arabic') is the standardized literary form of Arabic used from the 7th century and throughout the Middle Ages, most notably in Umayyad and Abbasid literary texts such as poetry, elevated prose and oratory, and is also the liturgical language of Islam.