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Women with chronic hypertension (high blood pressure before becoming pregnant). Women who developed high blood pressure or preeclampsia during a previous pregnancy, especially if these conditions occurred early in the pregnancy. Women who are obese prior to pregnancy. Pregnant women under the age of 15 or over the age of 30. [9]
[71] [72] The mother has regular assessments for uterine contraction and fundal height, [73] vaginal bleeding, heart rate and blood pressure, and temperature, for the first 24 hours after birth. Some women may experience an uncontrolled episode of shivering or postpartum chills following the birth.
Women who have high blood pressure and had complications in their pregnancy have three times the risk of developing cardiovascular disease compared to women with normal blood pressure who had no complications in pregnancy. Monitoring pregnant women's blood pressure can help prevent both complications and future cardiovascular diseases. [27] [28]
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A systolic blood pressure (the top number) of greater than 140 mmHg and/or a diastolic blood pressure (the bottom number) of greater than 90 mmHg is higher than the normal range. If the blood pressure is high on at least two separate occasions after the first 20 weeks of pregnancy and the woman has signs of organ dysfunction (e.g. proteinuria ...
Often labor has to be induced for medical reasons; such conditions include high blood pressure, [54] pre-eclampsia, [55] maternal diabetes, [56] asthma, thyroid disease, and heart disease. Certain medical conditions in the pregnant mother may also increase the risk of preterm birth.
Since 2007, obstetricians have created a patient's birth plan after a previous C-section using a calculator designed to determine the likelihood of having a successful vaginal birth, or VBAC. The tool takes into account demographics like a patient's age, height, weight, and their obstetrics history.
On average, a weight gain of 20 to 30 lb (9.1 to 13.6 kg) is experienced. [citation needed] All patients are advised to take prenatal vitamins to compensate for the increased nutritional requirements. Choline supplementation of research mammals supports mental development that lasts throughout life. [32]