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Cryptosporidium can live in water, food, soil, or on infected surfaces but, unfortunately, alcohol-based hand sanitizers aren’t effective against these parasites, Dr. Russo says.
Dr. Schaffner points out that soap and water don’t technically kill norovirus—but they can help to get rid of the virus. “Soap and water actually lifts up the virus,” he says.
Other viruses have a fat-based outer layer called called an envelope, which is more easily broken down by alcohol-based hand sanitizers. Norovirus, on the other hand, is a non-enveloped virus.
Hand sanitizer (also known as hand antiseptic, hand disinfectant, hand rub, or handrub) is a liquid, gel, or foam used to kill viruses, bacteria, and other microorganisms on the hands. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] It can also come in the form of a cream, spray, or wipe. [ 5 ]
When neither hand washing nor using hand sanitizer is possible, hands can be cleaned with uncontaminated ash and clean water, although the benefits and harms are uncertain for reducing the spread of viral or bacterial infections. [9] However, frequent hand washing can lead to skin damage due to drying of the skin. [10]
Disinfectants can also be used to destroy microorganisms on the skin and mucous membrane, as in the medical dictionary historically the word simply meant that it destroys microbes. [4] [5] [6] Sanitizers are substances that simultaneously clean and disinfect. [7] Disinfectants kill more germs than sanitizers. [8]
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