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  2. Hydroxyproline - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroxyproline

    The most obvious, first effects (gingival and hair problems) of absence of ascorbic acid in humans come from the resulting defect in hydroxylation of proline residues of collagen, with reduced stability of the collagen molecule, causing scurvy. Increased serum and urine levels of hydroxyproline have also been demonstrated in Paget's disease. [10]

  3. List of human cell types - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_human_cell_types

    The Human Cell Atlas project, which started in 2016, had as one of its goals to "catalog all cell types (for example, immune cells or brain cells) and sub-types in the human body". [13] By 2018, the Human Cell Atlas description based the project on the assumption that "our characterization of the hundreds of types and subtypes of cells in the ...

  4. List of biomolecules - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_biomolecules

    This is a list of articles that ... Human growth hormone; Hyaluronate; Hyaluronic acid; Hyaluronidase; Hydrogen peroxide; 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine; Hydroxyproline; 5 ...

  5. Collagen helix - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen_helix

    In 1954, Ramachandran & Kartha (13, 14) advanced a structure for the collagen triple helix on the basis of fiber diffraction data. It consists of a triple helix made of the repetitious amino acid sequence glycine-X-Y, where X and Y are frequently proline or hydroxyproline. [2] [3] Collagen folded into a triple helix is known as tropocollagen.

  6. P4HA1 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P4HA1

    Prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha-1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the P4HA1 gene. [5] [6] This gene encodes a component of prolyl 4-hydroxylase, a key enzyme in collagen synthesis composed of two identical alpha subunits and two beta subunits. The encoded protein is one of several different types of alpha subunits and provides the ...

  7. Procollagen-proline dioxygenase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procollagen-proline_di...

    Procollagen-proline dioxygenase catalyzes the following reaction: L-proline + alpha-ketoglutaric acid + O 2 → (2S, 4R)-4-hydroxyproline + succinate + CO 2. The mechanism for the reaction is similar to that of other dioxygenases, and occurs in two distinct stages: [3] In the first, a highly reactive Fe(IV)=O species is produced.

  8. Proline - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proline

    It is non-essential in humans, meaning the body can synthesize it from the non-essential amino acid L-glutamate. It is encoded by all the codons starting with CC (CCU, CCC, CCA, and CCG). Proline is the only proteinogenic amino acid which is a secondary amine , as the nitrogen atom is attached both to the α-carbon and to a chain of three ...

  9. Category:Human cells - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Human_cells

    Pages in category "Human cells" ... Pancreatic beta cell function; Pancreatic stellate cell; Paneth cell; Parafollicular cell; Parasol cell; Parathyroid chief cell;