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Conversion is an intentional tort consisting of "taking with the intent of exercising over the chattel an ownership inconsistent with the real owner's right of possession". [ 1] In England and Wales, it is a tort of strict liability. [ 2] Its equivalents in criminal law include larceny or theft and criminal conversion.
v. t. e. In theories of competition in economics, a barrier to entry, or an economic barrier to entry, is a fixed cost that must be incurred by a new entrant, regardless of production or sales activities, into a market that incumbents do not have or have not had to incur. [ 1] Because barriers to entry protect incumbent firms and restrict ...
Tortious interference, also known as intentional interference with contractual relations, in the common law of torts, occurs when one person intentionally damages someone else's contractual or business relationships with a third party, causing economic harm. [ 1] As an example, someone could use blackmail to induce a contractor into breaking a ...
e. Economic law is a set of legal rules for regulating economic activity. [ 1][ 2] Economics can be defined as "a social science concerned with the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services." [ 3] The regulation of such phenomena, law, can be defined as "customs, practices, and rules of conduct of a community that are ...
Variable costs are costs that change as the quantity of the good or service that a business produces changes. [ 1] Variable costs are the sum of marginal costs over all units produced. They can also be considered normal costs. Fixed costs and variable costs make up the two components of total cost. Direct costs are costs that can easily be ...
Purchasing power parity is an economic term for measuring prices at different locations. It is based on the law of one price, which says that, if there are no transaction costs nor trade barriers for a particular good, then the price for that good should be the same at every location. [ 1] Ideally, a computer in New York and in Hong Kong should ...
Law and economics, or economic analysis of law, is the application of microeconomic theory to the analysis of law. The field emerged in the United States during the early 1960s, primarily from the work of scholars from the Chicago school of economics such as Aaron Director , George Stigler , and Ronald Coase .
Commercial law (or business law), [ 1] which is also known by other names such as mercantile law or trade law depending on jurisdiction; is the body of law that applies to the rights, relations, and conduct of persons and organizations engaged in commercial and business activities. [ 2][ 3][ 4] It is often considered to be a branch of civil law ...