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Antecedent (grammar) In grammar, an antecedent is one or more words that establish the meaning of a pronoun or other pro-form. [ 1] For example, in the sentence "John arrived late because traffic held him up," the word "John" is the antecedent of the pronoun "him." Pro-forms usually follow their antecedents, but sometimes precede them.
English relative clauses. Relative clauses in the English language are formed principally by means of relative words. The basic relative pronouns are who, which, and that; who also has the derived forms whom and whose. Various grammatical rules and style guides determine which relative pronouns may be suitable in various situations, especially ...
The element in the main clause that the relative pronoun in the relative clause stands for (house in the above example) is the antecedent of that pronoun.In most cases the antecedent is a nominal (noun or noun phrase), though the pronoun can also refer to a whole proposition, as in "The train was late, which annoyed me greatly", where the antecedent of the relative pronoun which is the clause ...
Singular. they. Singular they, along with its inflected or derivative forms, them, their, theirs, and themselves (also themself and theirself ), is a gender-neutral third-person pronoun. It typically occurs with an indeterminate antecedent, in sentences such as: " Somebody left their umbrella in the office.
Generic antecedent. Generic antecedents are representatives of classes, referred to in ordinary language by another word (most often a pronoun ), in a situation in which gender is typically unknown or irrelevant. [1] These mostly arise in generalizations and are particularly common in abstract, theoretical or strategic discourse.
Personal pronoun. Personal pronouns are pronouns that are associated primarily with a particular grammatical person – first person (as I ), second person (as you ), or third person (as he, she, it, they ). Personal pronouns may also take different forms depending on number (usually singular or plural), grammatical or natural gender, case, and ...
Binding (linguistics) In linguistics, binding is the phenomenon in which anaphoric elements such as pronouns are grammatically associated with their antecedents. [citation needed] For instance in the English sentence "Mary saw herself", the anaphor "herself" is bound by its antecedent "Mary". Binding can be licensed or blocked in certain ...
Agreement based on grammatical person is found mostly between verb and subject. An example from English ( I am vs. he is) has been given in the introduction to this article. Agreement between pronoun (or corresponding possessive adjective) and antecedent also requires the selection of the correct person. For example, if the antecedent is the ...