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  2. Froth flotation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Froth_flotation

    Froth flotation to separate plastics, Argonne National Laboratory Froth flotation cells to concentrate copper and nickel sulfide minerals, Falconbridge, Ontario. Froth flotation is a process for separating minerals from gangue by exploiting differences in their hydrophobicity. Hydrophobicity differences between valuable minerals and waste ...

  3. Zinc smelting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zinc_smelting

    At temperatures typically used for smelting metals, zinc is a gas that will escape from a furnace with the flue gas and be lost, unless specific measures are taken to prevent it. The most common zinc concentrate processed is zinc sulfide, [1] which is obtained by concentrating sphalerite using the froth flotation method.

  4. Mineral processing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral_processing

    Froth flotation cells used to concentrate copper and nickel sulfide minerals. Froth flotation is an important concentration process. This process can be used to separate any two different particles and operated by the surface chemistry of the particles. In flotation, bubbles are introduced into a pulp and the bubbles rise through the pulp. [19]

  5. Copper extraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper_extraction

    Supergene sulfide ores rich in native copper are refractory to treatment with sulfuric acid leaching on all practicable time scales, and the dense metal particles do not react with froth flotation media. Typically, if native copper is a minor part of a supergene profile it will not be recovered and will report to the tailings.

  6. Roasting (metallurgy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roasting_(metallurgy)

    More specifically, roasting is often a metallurgical process involving gas–solid reactions at elevated temperatures with the goal of purifying the metal component(s). Often before roasting, the ore has already been partially purified, e.g. by froth flotation. The concentrate is mixed with other materials to facilitate the process.

  7. Gold cyanidation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_cyanidation

    Cyanidation is also widely used in silver extraction, usually after froth flotation. [2] Production of reagents for mineral processing to recover gold represents 70% of cyanide consumption globally. While other metals, such as copper, zinc, and silver, are also recovered using cyanide, gold remains the primary driver of this technology.

  8. Extractive metallurgy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extractive_metallurgy

    Extractive metallurgy is a branch of metallurgical engineering wherein process and methods of extraction of metals from their natural mineral deposits are studied. The field is a materials science, covering all aspects of the types of ore, washing, concentration, separation, chemical processes and extraction of pure metal and their alloying to suit various applications, sometimes for direct ...

  9. Cobalt extraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobalt_extraction

    The ore is comminuted and the cobalt rich oxides are separated by froth flotation. The cobalt-bearing concentrate is then mixed with lime and coal, and then melted in a reducing atmosphere. Iron and lighter impurities float to the surface as solid dross or are expelled from the melt as gas.