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Paranoid anxiety is a term used in object relations theory, particularly in discussions about the Paranoid-schizoid and depressive positions. The term was frequently used by Melanie Klein , [ 1 ] [ 2 ] especially to refer to a pre-depressive and persecutory sense of anxiety characterised by the psychological splitting of objects.
Persecutory delusion is often paired with anxiety, depression, disturbed sleep, low self-esteem, rumination and suicidal ideation. [ 3 ] [ 7 ] [ 8 ] High rates of worry, similar to those in generalized anxiety disorder , are present in individuals with the delusion, moreover the level of worry has been linked to the persistence of the delusion ...
Colby (1981) defined paranoid cognition as "persecutory delusions and false beliefs whose propositional content clusters around ideas of being harassed, threatened, harmed, subjugated, persecuted, accused, mistreated, killed, wronged, tormented, disparaged, vilified, and so on, by malevolent others, either specific individuals or groups" (p. 518).
Paranoid anxiety can be understood in terms of anxiety about imminent annihilation and derives from a sense of the destructive or death instinct of the child. In this position before the secure internalisation of a good object to protect the ego, the immature ego deals with its anxiety by splitting off bad feelings and projecting them out.
The International Classification of Diseases classifies delusional disorder as a mental and behavioural disorder. [15] Diagnosis of a specific type of delusional disorder can sometimes be made based on the content of the delusions, to wit, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) enumerates seven types:
Paraphrenia is often associated with a physical change in the brain, such as a tumor, stroke, ventricular enlargement, or neurodegenerative process. [4] Research that reviewed the relationship between organic brain lesions and the development of delusions suggested that "brain lesions which lead to subcortical dysfunction could produce delusions when elaborated by an intact cortex".
Paranoid personality disorder (PPD) is a mental disorder characterized by paranoia, and a pervasive, long-standing suspiciousness and generalized mistrust of others. People with this personality disorder may be hypersensitive, easily insulted, and habitually relate to the world by vigilant scanning of the environment for clues or suggestions that may validate their fears or biases.
Depressive anxiety can be aroused at every developmental stage, from weaning through to the loss of familial dependence of adolescence or of one's youth in later life. [4] [5] Continual oscillation between paranoid and depressive anxieties can create a sense of psychic imprisonment; [6] while conversely a lasting shift from the former to the latter can be seen as one of the marks of a ...